Tooth decay is a serious problem for children because it prevents them from chewing and talking properly. When a tooth begins to decay, it can develop a cavity. According to the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, 42 percent of children between the ages of 2 and 11 during 1999 to 2004 developed cavities.
Signs of Decay
Tooth decay causes visible changes in the teeth as well as discomfort. Decaying teeth may appear to be wearing away or they may develop brown or black spots. When a child first experiences tooth decay, he will generally feel discomfort whenever he eats or drinks. The decaying teeth will be especially sensitive to hot or cold foods and drinks. The child may also complain of a toothache even when he's not eating anything. Biting down and clenching his teeth will cause sharp pains in the decaying teeth.
Causes
Tooth decay is common among babies and toddlers due to their use of bottles. When a child sucks on a bottle filled with juice or milk all day or goes to sleep with the bottle in her mouth, the sugars in the liquid will stay on her teeth and break them down. Decay is also caused by poor dental hygiene. Children who don't brush their teeth after eating or drinking are prone to tooth decay. Children who don't brush their teeth with fluoride toothpaste are also more likely to have tooth decay, since fluoride protects the teeth.
Treatment
The treatments for tooth decay and cavities vary depending on how severe the damage is. In a child with early stages of tooth decay, a dentist may cover his teeth with sealant to protect the teeth from any further damage. A dentist may also drill into the tooth, remove the damaged portion and insert a filling. In more severe cases, the child's teeth may need to be removed. For a child who still has his baby teeth, the dentist may opt to insert a fake tooth until his adult teeth begin to grow in.
Prevention
Limiting the amount of sugary substances a child drinks and eats will help prevent tooth decay. When she drinks soda or sugary juice, she should do so through a straw. A child should brush her teeth after every meal if possible. If she doesn't have access to a toothbrush, she should rinse her mouth with water to wash away some of the sugar. Wipe a baby's gums and teeth with a damp washcloth after every feeding. Drinking fluoridated water and using fluoride toothpaste will also protect the teeth. If the water in your area is not fluoridated, buy bottled water that does contain fluoride. Children should visit the dentist every six months for a tooth cleaning.
