Many of the systems in the human body are connected. Consequently, even though the thyroid gland does not directly need vitamin D to function properly, a lack of vitamin D can cause hypothyroidism through its effects on the immune system. Talk to your doctor before taking vitamin D or any other type of supplement.
Vitamin D
Much of the vitamin D in your body is made when your skin is exposed to the sun's ultraviolet rays. Some of it, however, can come from your diet, particularly fatty fish and dairy products that have been fortified with this fat-soluble vitamin. Vitamin D allows your intestines to absorb calcium effectively, but it also plays a role in maintaining the health of your bones and your immune system.
Hypothyroidism
The thyroid gland makes two hormones, T4 and T3, which control your body's metabolism. If you have hypothyroidism, your body does not get enough T4 and T3, so it does not burn energy as quickly. This can cause you to feel fatigued, constipated, sensitive to cold, depressed and weak. It can also cause hoarseness, weight gain, brittle fingernails, heavy menstrual periods and puffy face, hands and feet.
Vitamin D and Hypothyroidism
Many cases of hypothyroidism, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis, are due to a problem in which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland. Because vitamin D regulates the immune system, a lack of vitamin D can influence immune dysfunction. An article published in a 2011 issue of "Cellular and Molecular Immunology" explained that low vitamin D levels are seen in many cases of autoimmune thyroid disease, suggesting that a lack of vitamin D can play a role in some forms of hypothyroidism.
Considerations
Although a lack of vitamin D may play a role in some forms of thyroid disease, not all cases of hypothyroidism are due to problems with vitamin D. Some infections can affect the thyroid gland, and hypothyroidism can also be genetic. Work with your doctor to determine the cause of your hypothyroidism before you attempt to treat it with vitamin D or other substances.
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