If you or your child are diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, you may have concerns about the side effects associated with traditional medications. Individuals diagnosed with ADHD exhibit problems with hyperactivity, inattention and impulsive behaviors, according to MayoClinic.com. The causes of ADHD include heredity, low birth weight, exposure to toxins during early childhood and maternal alcohol or drug abuse during pregnancy. Although ongoing research continues to explore new treatment options, typical treatment strategies include psycho-stimulant or non-stimulant medication and counseling. Some parents explore the benefits of alternative interventions such as L-theanine to avoid the side effects associated with stimulant medications. Consult your doctor to discuss whether L-theanine may be an appropriate treatment option for symptoms of ADHD.
L-Theanine
L-Theanine, also referred to as r-glutamylethylamide, is an amino acid present in Japanese green tea and the mushroom Boletus badius. Foods in Japan such as herbal teas, chocolates and soft drinks contain L-theanine as a food additive. L-theanine may benefit the immune system and provide a relaxed effect without unwanted drowsiness. Insufficient research exists to support claims that L-theanine decreases the risk for cancer and benefits the cardiovascular system. The Food and Drug Administration designates L-theanine as a generally regarded as safe dietary supplement. However, do not use a dietary supplement without the recommendation of your health care provider.
ADHD and Brain Function
Brain scans indicate differences in the brain activity and structure for individuals with ADHD, with diminished activity appearing in regions of the brain responsible for attention and activity levels. Some areas of the brain show a three-year developmental delay compared to children without ADHD. The frontal cortex, which plans, focuses attention and suppresses inappropriate behavior, reveals the largest delay. Psycho-stimulants alleviate the symptoms of ADHD by increasing levels of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that enhances attention and focus.
L-Theanine and Research
In a study published in the May 1998 issue of "Neurochemical Research," researchers found that dopamine and serotonin levels increased in the brain areas of the hypothalamus, striatum and hippocampus in rats following L-theanine injections. A study published in a 2006 issue of the "Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapy" added that animal studies demonstrate that L-theanine increases levels of dopamine, serotonin and gabba aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitters. New research with human subjects is warranted to determine if the benefits of L-theanine generalize beyond an animal population. The limited research suggests a possible benefit of L-theanine for treating the symptoms of ADHD.
Implications
Additional research explores alternative methods to treat the symptoms of ADHD as parents report concerns about the side effects associated with psychostimulant medications. Research suggests that L-theanine may influence the release of dopamine and other neurotransmitters in the brain. Further research is warranted to validate the benefits of L-theanine for ADHD. Schedule a consultation with your doctor if you are considering using L-theanine.
References
- MayoClinic.com: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Children
- "Neurochemical Research"; Effect of Theanine, r-glutamylethylamide, on Brain Monoamines and Striatal Dopamine Release in Conscious Rats; H. Yokogoshi, et al.; May 1998
- Drugs.com: L-Theanine
- "Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapy"; The Neuropharmacology of L-Theanine (N-ethyl-L-glutamine): A Possible Neuroprotective and Cognitive Enhancing Agent; P.J. Nathan, et al.; 2006
- University of Maryland Medical Center: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - Other Treatments
- National Institutes of Health: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
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