After a kidney transplant, you may wonder what special circumstances you need to consider for diet and exercise. Transplant medication, such as prednisone, helps decrease the risk of organ rejection but often causes fluid retention and an increase in hunger. Transplant surgery requires a time for healing. Start any exercise routine with the advice of your medical care team.
Minerals
On dialysis, you followed a low-phosphorus diet, but after a kidney transplant you may experience a drop in your blood phosphorus level. Low-fat dairy products are often recommended to boost phosphorus and maintain healthy calcium levels. Potassium may fluctuate immediately after your transplant and then even out later on. Have your blood potassium levels checked as often as prescribed, and be ready to adjust the potassium in your diet. Follow a low-sodium diet and have your blood pressure checked often.
Diet
Feel good and stay healthy by following a low-fat diet that is adequate in calories and protein. Consult with a renal dietitian on your particular nutrient needs and goals. Increase your consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables and rely less on canned produce that is over-processed and high in sodium. Purchase lean cuts of meat, and limit your portion sizes. Do not fry or smother foods in butter, oil, margarine, dressing or gravy. Drink water and unsweetened tea instead of carbonated beverages and sports drinks. Flavor your foods with fresh herbs and garlic instead of table salt, garlic salt and onion salt.
Exercise Considerations
Discuss limitations with your doctor first, such as age, fluid retention, joint problems and other medical conditions, including diabetes and heart disease. Avoid stretches, including back bends and situps that could interfere with the healing of your incision. Slow walking for short distances is a way to start an active lifestyle.
Activity and Sports
Staying active does not have to be inconvenient or expensive. Walking, biking and gardening help support firm muscles, encourage healthy digestion, strengthen immune function and lower the risk of depression and heart complications. If you enjoyed activities and sports such as baseball, basketball, dancing or skating before kidney failure, you can enjoy them again after you've gained the proper strength following your transplant. Perform desk exercises if you return to an office job that requires a lot of sitting.
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