Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, commonly referred to as MAOIs, are a class of drugs used to treat depression. When taken with certain food, MAOIs can lead to dangerously high blood pressure readings, according to the Mayo Clinic. Because of the side effects, many people prefer to take other forms of medication to treat depression. However, monoamine oxidase inhibitors work best for some people. You should consult your doctor if side effects persist.
Interactions
When taking MAOIs, you'll most likely be advised to limit or eliminate certain foods that interact with the drugs. Foods high in tyramine are particularly dangerous because tyramine is an amino acid involved in blood pressure regulation. Combined with your depression medication, you can experience sudden blood pressure spikes that could prove dangerous. Foods high in tyramine include pickled foods, liver, smoked meats and aged cheeses. Wine and beer also contain large amounts of tyramine and should be avoided when taking MAOIs.
Other Sources
Many over-the-counter cold and allergy medications contain tyramine that can lead to hypertension and a stroke. You should talk to your doctor about any herbal preparations you're taking as well. Herbs such as St. John's Wort may cause blood pressure levels to rise. Tofu, soy sauce and fermented bean curd should be avoided to limit tyramine consumption.
Moderation
Some foods contain tyramine in low amounts and may be eaten in moderation, according to Psych Atlanta. Ripe fruits such as avocados and bananas should be limited, but you can eat them occasionally. Cream cheese, cottage cheese and yogurt are allowed when taking MAOIs, but should be used in moderation. Caffeinated drinks and chocolate also contain small amounts of tyramine.
Deficiencies
Some forms of monoamine oxidase inhibitors may interfere with absorption of certain vitamins and lead to deficiencies. According to Psych Atlanta, you may experience muscle aches and pains or tingling sensations in your extremities if you develop a vitamin B-6 deficiency. Your daily bowl of cereal or other B-6 dietary source may pass through your system undigested because of the antidepressant medication. Vitamin B-6 supplements may be required to alleviate the symptoms.
Warning
When you stop taking an MAOI prescription, you may experience withdrawals, which is why you must be weaned off the medication. Possible side effects include nightmares, convulsions, nausea and vomiting. The drugs stay in your system for about two weeks, so you should continue with your restricted diet until your doctor tells you it's safe to resume eating the foods you previously avoided.
