L-glutamine is an amino acid that occurs naturally in most foods containing protein. It is also available as a supplement and is associated with a number of health benefits. On the other hand, MSG, or monosodium glutamate, is a food additive that acts as a flavor enhancer. There are some health concerns regarding MSG, including the possibility that its consumption is linked to headaches, allergies and obesity. Adverse symptoms to MSG are sometimes called the Chinese Restaurant Syndrome, since MSG is often used in Chinese food.
L-Glutamine and MSG
Although structurally similar, L-glutamine and MSG are different substances, and they have different physiological actions. MSG is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, which is formed when the nitrogen amino group of L-glutamine is replaced with an acid group. They are therefore different chemical entities. Ingested L-glutamine will not be converted into MSG in your body.
L-Glutamine Safety
The September 2001 issue of "The Journal of Nutrition" carried a review investigating the safety of L-glutamine. Four studies addressing the safety of this amino acid were discussed, all of which concluded that it is safe in adults and in preterm infants. However, the review noted that these studies focused on acute large doses of L-glutamine, and that there is a lack of evidence as to whether L-glutamine is safe for chronic use or not. Currently, all the available evidence indicates that L-glutamine supplementation is safe.
MSG Safety
Several anecdotal reports link MSG consumption with side effects, including asthma and migraines. However, an article in the August 2010 issue of "Appetite" reported that there is no consistent clinical data to support such claims. In fact, it was categorized as a very safe food additive by the Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and by the World Health Organization. In addition, owing to its flavor-enhancing properties, you can make use of it to reduce the amount of salt you use during cooking. Reducing your salt intake is beneficial to health.
Sensitive Individuals
Although scientific studies have confirmed that MSG is safe, there is still a possibility that a small proportion of the population might be sensitive to it. If you feel that your migraines might be triggered by MSG, try eliminating foods that contain MSG from your diet. Check that "MSG" or "glutamate" is not listed in the ingredients. Your doctor will be able to carry out tests to verify whether you are allergic to MSG.
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