An allergic reaction to strawberries is caused by the production of IgE antibodies in response to proteins found in red strawberries. These IgE antibodies bind to the surface of immune cells such as mast cells and basophils, resulting in the release of chemical messengers such as histamine. Histamine causes the widening of blood capillaries as well as increased blood vessel permeability, and as a result, blood leaks into surrounding tissue, resulting in swelling. The symptoms can vary among patients but typically involve the skin, gastrointestinal system and respiratory tract.
Oral Allergy Syndrome
The first symptom of an allergic reaction to strawberries is referred to as an oral allergy syndrome, indicating that it occurs in the mouth and throat. You may experience tingling or itching in the mouth as well as swelling of the lips, tongue, throat and face. You may also feel a tingling and burning sensation in the lips, mouth, throat and palate. Swelling of the throat and tongue can obstruct the airways leading to the lungs and impair oxygen uptake in the lungs.
Respiratory Symptoms
Constriction or tightening of the airways is perhaps the most dangerous symptom of an allergic reaction to strawberries. This may occur within a few minutes to two hours of ingesting a strawberry. You may experience swelling of the tongue and throat, as well as breathing difficulty and wheezing. The airway leading to the lungs can narrow, and the movement of oxygen into the lungs and carbon dioxide out of the body can become impaired. In severe cases, you may experience anaphylaxis, which results in a rapid drop in blood pressure, diarrhea, impaired breathing, vomiting, dizziness and loss of consciousness. Anaphylaxis is life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention.
Skin Symptoms
An allergic reaction to strawberries can also manifest on the skin, resulting the rashes, hives, itching and contact dermatitis. Histamine causes increased vascular permeability, allowing fluids to leak from the capillaries, and local swelling. You may also experience swelling around the eyes, face, lips, and fingers. Flushing of the skin, swelling inside the mouth, watery eyes, congestion and sneezing are common symptoms of an allergic reaction to strawberries.
Digestive Symptoms
An allergic reaction to strawberries can result in digestive problems such as vomiting, nausea, cramps, abdominal pain and diarrhea. The best way to avoid an allergic reaction to strawberries is to avoid any products containing strawberries. If you experience any of these symptoms, seek immediate medical attention.
