Car seat safety can be very confusing with the multitude of car seat types and models available. Installing a car seat for the first time may be a frustrating experience for many new parents. With a little guidance, you can learn to properly use a car seat to optimize your child's safety while traveling. When in doubt, have your seat checked by a certified technician.
Types
Car seats are available in different types based on your child's height, weight and age. Newborns and infants may ride in an infant seat until they reach a weight of 22 to 30 pounds, depending on the seat. Convertible car seats can be used for newborns through toddlers up to a weight of 40 to 80 pounds, depending on the manufacturer recommendations. Combination seats can be used as a five point harness, or as a belt positioning booster. Booster seats are used when the child outgrows the convertible seat and should be used until the seat belt fits properly.
Position
The recommendation for rear-facing car seats previously was until the child reached 1 year in age, or 20 pounds. The American Academy of Pediatrics is now suggesting that children ride facing the rear until they reach the maximum height and weight permitted for rear-facing position as allowed by the particular seat. Positioning the child in the seat properly is crucial as well. For rear facing, shoulder straps should be at or below the level of the shoulders. Forward facing, shoulder straps should be at or above the shoulders. The chest clip should always be securely fastened over the chest, not the stomach.
Installation
Car seats may be installed using the LATCH system in newer vehicles, or using the seat belt, but never both. The seat should be installed with at least 80 percent of the base on the vehicle seat. It should be securely fastened so that the seat does not move more than 1 inch in any direction. Apply your weight to the seat to assist in tightening the LATCH connectors or seat belt. Be aware that vehicles may have weight guidelines when using the LATCH system, so as your child grows you may need to reinstall the seat using the belt.
Airplane Use
Car seats displaying the FAA label are approved for use in airplanes. Infants less than 2 years of age are permitted to ride on the parent's lap, but for optimal safety a car seat should be used. Seats may be installed rear facing on airplanes as well. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children fly in their car seat until 4 years of age.
Warning
Avoid using used car seats if you are not completely certain of the seat's history. Car seats that have been involved in collisions are unsafe for use. Also, be aware that most manufacturers recommend that seats be disposed of after a certain amount of time, normally 6 years. Extreme heat and cold can cause the plastic and other materials to break down over time, causing the seat to lose its effectiveness.
