Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant widely available in a variety of beverages and foods. Although the sugar content in some caffeinated products may cause spikes and crashes in blood sugar, caffeine itself does not impact blood glucose levels in healthy adults. For best results, monitor your diet and caffeine consumption to avoid the drops in blood sugar caused by skipping meals.
Definition
Caffeine quickly passes through the body from the stomach via the bloodstream, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center. Caffeine reaches its highest concentration in the blood within an hour after consumption and is generally excreted in urine many hours later. Although most healthy adults can safely consume up to 300 mg of caffeine a day -- the equivalent of 2 to 3 cups of coffee -- excessive caffeine intake can lead to a variety of unpleasant symptoms, including: nausea, vomiting, anxiety, tremors, increased heart rate, excessive urination and restlessness.
Caffeine and Blood Sugar
Studies cited by the Mayo Clinic indicate that caffeine may cause small increases in blood sugar levels in individuals with type-2 diabetes. While caffeine generally doesn't effect blood sugar levels in healthy adults, it can impair some functions of insulin in the body. Despite its minimal impact in blood sugar, caffeine can mimic the sensation of a blood glucose crash when your body gradually comes down from its effects. Caffeine dependency may also cause withdrawal symptoms, leading to sensations of anxiousness, drowsiness or irritability that may be confused for fluctuations in blood sugar.
Suppressing the Appetite
As you eat meals during the day, your body continually maintains a steady flow of blood glucose to the brain and other organs. However, caffeine's role as an appetite suppressant may cause you to delay or skip a meal, potentially resulting in a drop in blood sugar. Appetite suppressants make it easier for you to forget about food, decreasing your appetite and reducing the likelihood of eating to your fill, according to the Monroe Street Clinic website. Keep an eye on your eating habits and prevent drops in blood sugar by timing the number of hours between meals and maintaining a regular eating schedule.
Safety Concerns
Caffeine intake in excess of 500 mg can lead to a number of negative symptoms, including vomiting, diarrhea, heart tremors, anxiousness, nervousness and upset stomach. Talk to your doctor if you have concerns about your body's ability to maintain energy throughout the day, and opt for a balanced diet composed of whole grains, leafy greens and lean proteins.
References
- The Mayo Clinic; Does Caffeine Effect Blood Sugar?; Maria Callazo-Clavell; Feb. 3 2010
- The University of Maryland Medical Center; Caffeine In The Diet; David Dugdale; May 2 2009
- Monroe Street Medical Clinic; Appetite Suppressants; July 2007
- The Mayo Clinic; Does Caffeine Help With Weight Loss?; Katherine Zeratsky; May 28 2011
- Teen's Health; Caffeine; Mary Gavin; January 2008
- The Mayo Clinic; Caffeine: How Much Is Too Much?; March 9, 2011
