Muscle spasms, also called muscle cramps, are tight contractions of the muscles that often occur when the muscle is fatigued. These spasms can last several minutes and disable the muscle during that time. Any muscle in your body is susceptible to muscle spasms, and taking steps to prevent their occurrence is important. Your nutrition can help, by giving your muscles the nutrients they need to function properly.
Causes of Muscle Spasms
In many cases, the exact cause of a muscle spasm cannot be identified. But several factors can contribute to their development, and it is thought that dehydration, as well as the depletion of salt and minerals from the body, can lead to spasms. Other potential causes include muscle fatigue, poor conditioning and working out in extreme heat, according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.
Role of Nutrition
Several minerals and nutrients play vital roles in your muscles' function. Calcium and potassium are important to proper muscle function, as are electrolytes, which control the contractions of your muscles. Exercise depletes these, so replacing them is important -- particularly if you work out for extended periods.
Nutritional Guidelines
Eating a healthy diet featuring all the main food groups will provide your body with the minerals and other nutrients it needs to function properly. Drink water throughout the day and during exercise. You can benefit during longer workouts by drinking an electrolyte-bearing sports drink that provides the muscles with salt and other important minerals.
Considerations
Replacing lost electrolytes becomes more important the longer you exercise. You also shouldn't ignore the role of other factors in the development of your muscle spasms -- if changes to your diet do not improve your spasms, you may need to examine other potential causes. You can also talk to a doctor about your spasms and approaches to treatment and prevention.
