Chocolate, derived from the tropical cacao bean, is consumed throughout the world as delicacies and desserts. Chocolate contains trace amounts of stimulants such as caffeine and theobromine, which, in large amounts, can trigger cardiovascular symptoms including heart palpitations. If you have high blood pressure or a rapid heart rate, talk to a doctor before eating chocolate, especially in large amounts.
Caffeine Effects
MayoClinic.com attributes many of chocolate's side effects to its caffeine content. Caffeine is a relatively powerful stimulant and it can cause symptoms such as anxiety, insomnia and heart palpitations. The March of Dimes reports that milk chocolate contains roughly 11 mg of caffeine per 1.55 oz. bar, while a bar of dark chocolate contains about 30 mg. These levels are considerably lower than coffee, which contains an average of 137 mg of caffeine per serving. An adult would have to consume very large quantities of chocolate to achieve caffeine side effects similar to those of coffee.
Theobromine Risks
Chocolate contains an additional caffeine-like stimulant capable of exerting similar effects on the nervous system and cardiovascular system. Theobromine, found in its highest concentration in dark chocolate, is poisonous in extreme quantities. According to Santa Cruz Biotechnology, isolated theobromine can trigger severe symptoms, including rapid increases in heart rate. While ordinary chocolate's theobromine content renders it unsuitable for most animals, the amount of theobromine found in food is unlikely to cause serious side effects for humans.
Dangers
In general, adults can safely eat moderate amounts of chocolate without experiencing significant side effects. Nevertheless, people who are prone to heart palpitations should consider avoiding chocolate and other products containing stimulant compounds. The Cleveland Clinic advises people who are prone to palpitations to avoid activities, foods and supplements that trigger elevations in heart rate. The Cleveland Clinic notes that most heart palpitations require no clinical treatment if they only occur in response to certain foods or activities.
Prevention
While acknowledging chocolate's general safety, MayoClinic.com urges extreme caution for certain individuals. Specifically, the organization urges people who are allergic or sensitive to chocolate to avoid the food entirely. People who are sensitive to caffeine should also avoid chocolate, since it can trigger significant side effects, including heart palpitations. MayoClinic.com also encourages people with obesity, heart disease, migraine, anemia and skin disease to use chocolate with caution. Consult a licensed health-care provider if you have questions about your ability to tolerate chocolate.
