Licorice root has been used since ancient times as a natural remedy for many conditions such as constipation, stomach ulcers and sore throats. Today, it is available in a variety of forms including capsules, tablets and liquid extracts and is useful for treating an array of diseases and conditions including ones associated with hormone imbalances. Of course, this natural remedy is not without a list of harmful side effects.
Licorice Root
Licorice root is derived from the root of a plant known as Glycyrrhiza glabra that grows in subtropical climates on the eastern portion of the globe. The active component in extracted licorice is known as glycyrrhizic acid, GZA. The therapeutic benefits of licorice can be attributed to GZA; however, it also contributes a dangerous potency. Researchers and doctors caution consumers to limit their consumption of licorice due to the undesirable side effects that may occur. In the United States, confections, teas and other licorice-flavored food items have had the GZA removed prior to reaching market shelves for consumer protection.
Impact of Licorice Root on Hormones
In the medical industry, licorice root has been noted for its impact on the hormones of the endocrine system, particularly in women. In 2002, the "Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes Official Journal" published a review of the history of the effects of licorice on the endocrine system. Scientists discovered that frequent consumption of licorice inactivates specific enzymes, thereby increasing the action of cortisol while reducing the synthesis of testosterone. Such an effect can be therapeutic for individuals suffering from hormone imbalances such as ones present with Addison's disease or hypopituitarism.
Addison's Disease
Individuals suffering from Addison's disease have suffered damage to the adrenal cortex. This damage impairs the secretion of hormones like cortisol, aldostrone and the sex hormones respectively specific to male and female patients. Though the condition is rare, it is often fatal, especially when left untreated. Licorice has been proven effective in treating the early stages of this disease. For example, in 2007 the "Annals of Clinical Biochemistry" described the case of a woman in Germany who consumed a steady diet of licorice and soy sauce for years. Unknowingly, she had effectively treated her undiagnosed Addison's disease with her unusual diet.
Side Effects and Risks
Moderate to excessive consumption of licorice can have toxic effects for most. These effects often include hypertension, water and salt retention and depletion of calcium and potassium as well as adverse cardiovascular events. Modern medicine often treats hormone imbalances of the adrenal cortex with synthetic drugs which mimic the positive effects of licorice, but eliminate the harmful side effects of GZA. It is always recommended that you speak with your doctor about your condition before attempting any at-home treatments.
References
- Medscape Reference; Licorice Poisoning; S. Schonwald, M.D.; April 2011
- "Annals of Clinical Biochemistry"; Liquorice and Soy Sauce, a Life-Saving Concoction in a Patient with Addison's disease; H. Cooper, et al.; 2007
- "Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes"; History of the Endocrine Effects of Licorice; D. Armanini, et al.; September 2002
- National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine; Herbs at a Glance: Licorice Root; National Institutes of Health; July 2010
- "Canadian Journal of Emergency Medical Care"; Glycyrrhizic Acid Toxicity Caused by Consumption of Licorice Candy Cigars; C. Johns; January 2009
