How Does Fish Oil Help You Conceive?

Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish oil, are necessary for human health. However, these fatty acids only can be obtained through diet or supplements; the human body cannot produce the essential fats needed. Numerous research studies have indicated that fish oil can help treat a number of conditions, including infertility. Speak to your doctor before adding fish oil supplements to your diet.

Fish Oil

Omega-3 fatty acids are found in certain oily fish, including salmon, tuna and halibut. These fatty acids help the brain function and are necessary for normal growth and development. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, evidence is strongest that fish oil helps to reduce the risk of heart disease. Fish oil may also help to lower cholesterol, lower blood pressure, act as an anti-inflammatory and reduce symptoms of mental disorders, among many other potential benefits.

Fish Oil and Infertility in Women

Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil have been studied for their potential role in fertility. A 2004 research study published in “Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey” reviewed the function of omega-3 fatty acids in women. According to the researchers, omega-3 supplements increase the prostacyclin/thromboxane ratio, specific hormones related to pregnancy.The researchers noted that omega-3 fatty acids are precursors to locally produced hormones, eicosanoids, which play an important role in ovulation. Fish oil also increases uterine blood flow. Because of these processes, omega-3 fatty acids can help to facilitate pregnancy in women who have been having difficulty conceiving.

Fish Oil and Infertility in Men

Research has also examined fish oil and infertility in men. A 2010 study published in “Clinical Nutrition” compared 82 infertile men with 78 fertile males. The researchers found that infertile men had lower concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids in their sperm than their fertile counterparts. Another 2010 study, published in “The Journal of Lipid Research,” examined fertility in mice. Mice lacking a specific omega-3 fatty acid known as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are basically infertile, making few sperm, according to researchers. However, more research is needed before any conclusions to human males can be made.

Fish Oil and Natural Killer

Natural killer cells, or NK cells, are a type of white blood cell that play a major role in infertility. NK cells protect the body from tumors or viruses. Excess NK cells can damage the placenta cells and impair the endocrine system that produces the hormones needed for pregnancy. A 2001 study in the "American Journal of Clinical Nutrition" found that a certain type of fish oil, eicosapentaenoic acid, helped to decrease NK cell activity by an average of 48 percent.

Other Issues

Fish oil is also an important supplement for women already pregnant. Once you conceive, continue to take fish oil to help your baby’s neurological development. Omega-3 fatty acids also help your pregnancy. According to the American Pregnancy Association, increased intake of fish oil helps to prevent pre-term labor, lower the risk of pre-eclampsia and may increase birth weight. Because fish oil reduces the risk of pre-term labor, it may also prevent miscarriages. A deficiency in fish oil is linked to postpartum depression.