Peanut allergy is one of the most common and potentially severe allergies, notes MayoClinic.com. Symptoms include itchiness around the mouth and throat, hives, wheezing, diarrhea and vomiting. Mild swelling can occur around the mouth or body part that came in direct contact with peanuts or peanut products. However, swelling can also occur in the throat, tongue and airways, making breathing difficult. Swelling can also spread and affect the face, neck, hands and feet, according to the World Allergy Organization. Within minutes, swelling and other symptoms of peanut allergy can become life-threatening -- a condition known as anaphylaxis -- requiring immediate medical attention.
Mild Swelling
Step 1
Remove the person from the room as soon as you notice symptoms of peanut allergy, including swelling or itchiness around the mouth or area of exposure. Peanut allergens can travel through the air and affect a person with severe peanut allergy simply by being in the same room.
Step 2
Give over-the-counter antihistamine for mild symptoms such as localized swelling, hives or itchiness.
Step 3
Wash the area that directly came in contact with peanut and remove any clothing that has been contaminated.
Step 4
Apply hydrocortisone cream on localized parts of the body that became swollen or itchy.
Step 5
Treat other symptoms. Allow the person to vomit if peanut has been ingested. Administer a rescue inhaler such as albuterol if the person has wheezing or trouble breathing.
Severe Swelling and Allergic Reactions
Step 1
Get the person away from the source of peanut and remove contaminated clothing if possible.
Step 2
Check that the person is breathing. A hoarse voice or wheezing may be a sign of swelling in the throat.
Step 3
Administer an emergency injection of epinephrine. Most people with peanut allergies have an epinephrine auto-injector on hand in cases of severe allergic reactions. If none is available, inform the medical personnel so they can give the person emergency medication when they arrive.
Step 4
Call 911. Peanut is one of the most potent allergy-causing substances, and even tiny amounts can cause a severe immune reaction within minutes. Inform the medical personnel of suspected peanut allergy. Also let responders know if epinephrine has been administered.
Step 5
Keep the person calm. If he is in shock, help him to lie flat and raise his feet higher than his heart. Keep him warm with a blanket or coat.
Tips and Warnings
- Watch for signs of increasingly severe allergies. Symptoms of peanut allergy can flare up within minutes of exposure and can range from mild to life-threatening, but symptoms may also take time to develop. Bring the person to the emergency room even if the person has only a mild allergic reaction but the symptoms still occur.
Things You'll Need
- Over-the-counter antihistamine
- Hydrocortisone cream
- Rescue inhaler
- Epinephrine auto-injector
