Kidney stones are small, hard stones that form in your kidneys from mineral and acid salts; they can be painful when passed. While there is no one way to definitively prevent kidney stones from forming, you can reduce your risk of developing stones by altering your diet. If you are at risk for kidney stones or have had them in the past, talk with your doctor or a nutritionist about dietary modifications that may be helpful.
Step 1
Cut back on the amount of animal protein you consume, suggests the National Kidney Foundation. You should only have 4 to 6 oz. of high protein foods a day, and three servings of dairy. Excessive protein intake may contribute to kidney stones.
Step 2
Limit your intake of foods containing oxalate, if you are prone to kidney stones that contain these substances. Foods high in oxalate include peanuts, tea, berries, chocolate, instant coffee and draft beer, states the National Kidney Foundation.
Step 3
Monitor your sodium intake. If you have had calcium or oxalate stones, your doctor may ask you to cut back on sodium in your diet. Extra sodium causes loss of calcium in your urine, putting you at risk for developing another stone. The National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse, or NKUDIC, suggests keeping a sodium diary to keep your salt intake to 2,400 mg. Avoid high-sodium foods like fast food, lunch meat and canned soups.
Step 4
Drink plenty of fluids to help reduce your risk of kidney stones. The NKUDIC explains that the amount necessary can vary among individuals, but should be enough to produce at least 2 quarts of urine daily. Talk with your doctor about the appropriate amount of fluids for you. You should avoid grapefruit juice and dark sodas, as these can increase your risk of kidney stones.
Tips and Warnings
- A registered dietitian with experience working with individuals who have had kidney stones or other kidney problems can help you develop a meal plan that provides you with the necessary nutrition you need, without increasing your risk of more kidney stones. Talk with your doctor about finding an appropriate dietitian. Maintain a healthy weight. The NKUDIC warns that being overweight can increase the risk of kidney stone formation.
- Do not take supplements without first talking with your doctor. The NKUDIC states that vitamins C and D may contribute to stone formation.
