1. Nutrition is Important
For those who suffer from Cystic Fibrosis (CF), an inherited disease that affects the respiratory and digestive systems, special dietary care is crucial. Upon diagnosis, many suffer from pancreatic insufficiency. This means that the enzymes needed to digest fat, starch and protein are not properly passed into the intestines. The result is difficulty absorbing appropriate amounts of essential nutrients. Thus, individuals with CF necessitate more calories than others, as well as increased supplementation of calcium, essential fatty acids, salt, fat soluble vitamins (A, E, D and K) and iron.
2. Nutrients Should Come by Way of Food and Supplements
Many of the needed nutrients that help those who struggle with CF can be attained through food. This is the best course of action, since sufferers also require added calories. For added calcium, low-fat dairy foods should be incorporated on a daily basis. Many juices are also fortified with calcium, so these are a great bet as well. Essential fatty acids can be attained by eating fatty fish, such as tuna or salmon, at least twice per week, or from flax seed, in powder or supplement form. Dark, leafy greens and lean red meat will provide added iron. Salt can be added to foods as needed in case of sodium deficiency. A solid multi-vitamin is encouraged in order to provide necessary vitamins. Be sure such supplements are taken with food for proper absorption.
3. Meal Time Should Be Pleasant
Many individuals with CF cannot sit for long periods of time. Thus, meal time should take no longer than 20 to 30 minutes. The eating environment should be comfortable--well-lit and without much distraction. Portions should be kept modest, so as not to overwhelm. Particularly with children, foods should not be forced down. Instead, healthy eating should be encouraged and praised.
4. Keeping Calories Up is Critical
Since those who suffer from CF require added calories, yet don't always have the appetite or endurance for lengthy or large meals, dense foods should be provided--foods that contain higher calories as well as nutrients. Butter or oil can be added for flavor and calories as well. Nuts are nutritious and calorie-dense, so they make a great topping to salads and other entrees or snacks. Avacados, dried fruit, heavy whipped cream, cheeses and full-fat dressings are all hearty foods that will increase the caloric intake of most meals.
5. Poor Eating or Worsening Health Can Result in Tube Feeding
In some cases, proper nutrition or caloric needs cannot be maintained. The result of this is tube feeding. If weight loss or failure to gain weight appropriately is noticed, the caregiver for the person suffering from CF may be guided toward this option. Tube feeding allows extra calories to be fed to the individual during the night and/or throughout the day. It may be temporary or long-term, but should be explored if dietary needs are not being met.
