Autism is a spectrum neurodevelopmental disorder. It manifests with a wide variety of symptoms, and the severity of the symptoms differ considerably from person to person. One of the classic features of the autism spectrum disorder is impaired social interaction with others. Autistic children have difficulty understanding social cues, tend to avoid eye contact, fail to respond when their name is called and withdraw from physical touch. Some children engage in repetitive and destructive behaviors such as twirling, spinning and head-banging. Preschoolers with autism often need help learning how to play appropriately with other children.
Toys
When you are choosing toys for your preschooler, keep in mind that autistic children prefer items that are stimulating visually. Appropriate toys include items such as colorful puzzles, bubbles, blocks, coloring or painting supplies and board books. Autistic children are less likely to engage in destructive behavior if they are kept busy with physically demanding play. Consider purchasing outdoor play equipment, such as a swing set, trampoline, slide, tricycle, basketball set or sandbox, for your child.
Engaging
One of the hardest aspects of playtime for autistic children is approaching their peers and joining in their activities. There are a few activities you can try at home to help your preschooler engage in play. Tell your child a simple story about children playing. Include descriptions of how the children interact, address each other, handle disagreements and learn to share. Invite your child to act out the story with you. Encourage him to initiate the activity, coach him on how to handle rejection and respectfully disengage from play when he is finished.
Play Mats
Since autistic children frequently fixate on one object or idea, your preschooler may need help learning how to play with a variety of toys. Make laminated play mats with pictures of how particular toys can be used. For instance, a mat for modeling clay could show the clay being coiled, rolled, flattened, cut or shaped into figures. Be sure to include mats that involve play with other children to encourage social interaction. For instance, a mat for a basketball could show two children playing catch or bouncing the ball between them.
Finishing
Your child may have a difficult time disengaging from a particular activity when he has had enough. Place a box or mat in his play area where he can set his toys when he is through. When you notice that he is becoming disinterested or agitated, give him verbal prompts such as, "Are you finished coloring with the crayons? Put them in the box and we will find something else to do." Praise your child when he puts his toys away. When your child is involved in group play, having the box present alleviates the stress of disengaging from social interaction.
