Pregnancy is a time of rapid growth and development, both for you and your baby. Proper nutrition in the prenatal period decreases your chances of developing pregnancy complications like gestational diabetes and preeclampsia, while also helping your baby get off to the best start possible. Combine a healthy, balanced diet with regular physical activity during your pregnancy, and always consult your doctor about any nutrition concerns you have.
Caloric Intake
You need about 300 extra calories per day during your pregnancy, as noted by KidsHealth. Some women might need more or less than this, depending on their pre-pregnancy weight and activity level. If you are carrying twins, you should consume about 500 more calories each day. Although it is important to consume enough calories during your pregnancy, the caloric quality is just as important. Obtain your extra pregnancy calories from healthy, nutrient-dense foods that provide vitamins and minerals for you and your baby.
Folic Acid
All women of childbearing age should take folic acid supplements, according to the American Pregnancy Association. Adequate folic acid intake significantly reduces the chances of neurological tube disorders like spina bifida, or exposure of the spinal cord, and anencephaly, or brain underdevelopment. Because these disorders usually occur in the first 28 days of pregnancy, before many women even know they are pregnant, women who could possibly become pregnant should be sure to obtain 400 mcg of folic acid per day.
Foods and Beverages to Avoid
Your body is especially sensitive during pregnancy, and most of what you eat or drink passes to your baby. If you normally drink caffeinated beverages throughout the day, you will probably need to decrease your intake. According to the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologist, pregnant women should consume no more than 200 mg of caffeine daily, which amounts to about two cups of coffee. Alcohol and nicotine should be eliminated if possible while you are pregnant. As noted by KidsHealth, consult your doctor before taking any herbal supplements while you are pregnant, since some can be dangerous to your baby.
Other Important Nutrients
In addition to folic acid, you should be sure to get enough calcium, vitamin D, iron and protein during your pregnancy, as noted by MayoClinic.com. Both calcium and vitamin D help prevent bone loss. Iron deficiency is common in pregnant women due to the rapid growth that occurs during pregnancy, and can cause iron deficiency anemia when left untreated. Protein is especially important in the second and third trimesters, and helps your baby grow and develop properly.
