Keeping extremities warm during a day on the slopes can be a major hurdle for skiers and snowboarders. Because skiing involves high altitude, snow and speed, keeping your feet and toes warm requires proper equipment and apparel. Without properly fitting boots, you can experience paralyzing cold, pain, numbness and, in some cases, permanent damage to your feet and toes.
Causes
Boots that are too tight or too loose represent the major causes of numbness in the feet while skiing. When your boots are too tight, they can trap and pinch the nerves in your ankles, feet and toes. When your boots are too loose, your feet can’t stay warm and they may develop frostnip or frostbite. Both conditions include foot numbness. A properly-fitting ski boot should feel snug but not pinch. Pinching at the ankle, top of the foot or toes can indicate a too-tight fit. Parts of your feet may ache then become numb. A boot that is too large allows cold air to circulate around your feet and can also cause you to tighten your toes while skiing, reducing your circulation. Regardless of the number of socks you wear, if your boots are too big, your feet become cold, then painful before becoming numb.
Prevention
Properly fitting boots can help reduce foot numbness. Get your boots at a reputable ski shop or sporting goods store and ask the salesperson to assist you with finding a boot that fits well. Boot liners, insoles and foot beds can offer support, alignment and warmth but should be replaced after a season or two to maintain a snug fit. If your boots are too tight, a ski shop may be able to make them fit better by heating and remolding them or grinding them from the inside. Keep your feet dry by airing out your boot liners after each day’s runs. Socks made for cold weather offer warmth and can help wick moisture away from your feet. Battery-operated boot heaters can offer additional protection from the cold.
Treatment
Get out of the cold and remove your boots to allow circulation to return to your feet. Replace or adjust boots that are too tight. Gradually warm cold feet by placing them in warm, not hot, water. If your feet are frostbitten, do not walk on them and seek immediate medical attention.
Warning
Don’t ignore feet that have gone numb. Ignoring numbness can result in permanent damage, including frostbite and neuropathy. Do not use direct heat, such as a heating pad or stove to re-warm frozen feet. Pain is common as circulation returns.
References
- Mail Online; The Misery of Painful Feet: Morton's Neuroma; Andreina West; November 2007
- "Radio Graphics"; Imaging of Foot and Ankle Nerve Entrapment Syndromes: From Well-demonstrated to Unfamiliar Sites; Emmanuelle Delfaut, et al.; May 2003
- Disabled World; Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome Symptoms and Treatments; Jeffrey A. Oster; June 2010
- NYU Medical Center: Anterior Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
- Mortonsfoot.com: Nerve Compression and Entrapment
- MayoClinic.com; Frostbite; May 2010
- BackCountry.com: Alpine Ski Boot Fit Guide
- SkiStar.com: How to Avoid Cold Feet When Skiing
- SkiMastery.com: The Art and Science of Fitting Comfortable Ski Boots



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