Exercise affects your heart and circulatory system, including your blood pressure. Most people experience a temporary increase in pulse rate and blood pressure during intense exercise, although people who use a certain type of defibrillator for a specific heart condition may experience a sudden drop in blood pressure. An exercise stress test provides an accurate measurement that reflects how your blood pressure responds to exercise. Taking your pulse during exercise is a simple way to monitor your circulatory response to an increase in activity.
Exercise
Regular exercise helps reduce your risk of developing heart disease. It increases the strength and efficiency of your heart and circulatory system. Over time, regular exercise can help lower your blood pressure by keeping your arteries flexible and open. A sedentary lifestyle and normal aging tend to lead to an increase in blood pressure. Standard exercise guidelines recommend that most people participate in at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise on most days, according to the University of Maryland Medical Center.
Tests
A blood pressure test measures the amount of pressure your circulating blood places against the walls of your arteries. An exercise stress test measures your blood pressure and heart activity in response to exercise. This medical test helps determine potential cardiovascular problems that may arise during physical exertion. Your pulse rate also reflects how hard your heart works during exercise and provides a useful tool in keeping your cardiovascular response within a healthy range. Your individual target heart rate zone varies, depending on your age and level of fitness. MayoClinic.com recommends computing your heart rate by subtracting your age from 225, then multiplying the resulting number by 0.85 to determine the high end of your target zone.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy causes your heart muscle to thicken, making your heart work harder to circulate your blood. This condition may cause high blood pressure, palpitation and fainting, especially during exercise. People with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may require an implantable-cardioverter defibrillator, or ICD. This type of defibrillator may cause a sudden drop in blood pressure during exercise, leading to a life-threatening condition.
Precautions
Consult your doctor before beginning a new exercise program, especially if you have high blood pressure or a family history of cardiovascular disease. Strenuous exercise can place an excessive burden on an unhealthy circulatory system. Stop exercising if your pulse rate exceeds your maximum target zone or if you experience chest pain, shortness of breath or dizziness.
