Goiter is simply an enlargement of the thyroid gland. It’s often the result of too little iodine in the diet. Vegans tend not to get enough iodine in the diet, which may lead to an iodine deficiency, and thereby increase the risk of goiter. Dietary changes can prevent both a deficiency in iodine as well as the development of goiter. Talk to a doctor or dietitian to help establish a diet that’s right for you.
Symptoms
While not all goiters cause symptoms, you may notice a swelling at the base of your neck upon its development. This may be accompanied by tightness in the throat as well as an unexplained hoarseness or coughing. Some people even have a difficulty swallowing or breathing, but this is more so related to larger goiters.
Salt
Most people with goiters as a result of their diet can improve their condition by making simple dietary changes. The most effective is adding salt to the diet. But don’t just include any form of salt. Make sure the salt is iodized. Even vegans can see an improvement by including iodized salt in their diets. All you need is ¼ tsp. each day. If you’d rather not add more salt to your diet, you can also increase your iodine intake by adding seaweed to meals.
Diet
Besides increasing salt intake, you may want to steer clear of certain vegetables. Sweet potatoes, soybeans and cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli, cauliflower, kale, cabbage, bok choy and collard greens, are known to promote goiters. This is especially problematic when you have a history of this condition. Reduce your intake of these vegetables to avoid its development.
Treatment
If goiter doesn’t improve with diet, it may be an indication that another condition is actually causing the enlargement of your thyroid gland. Proper diagnosis is essential for treatment, so talk to a doctor. Besides treating the cause of the condition, doctors may suggest a medication, such as aspirin or a corticosteroid. You may also benefit from radioactive iodine or surgical removal of part or all of your thyroid gland.
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