While you may not think of your body as an electrical system, the communication among your nerves is the result of electrical impulses. To conduct these impulses properly, your body needs electrolytes. These are minerals such as calcium, magnesium and chloride that exchange for your body to function at its best. If you lose too many electrolytes, you may need to drink an electrolyte-containing beverage to replace lost water and electrolytes.
Why You Need Them
Because electrolyte-containing beverages also contain calories, they are not typically recommended as your chief hydration choice. Calorie-free, hydrating water typically is a better option if you have not experienced electrolyte loss. However, there are some instances where you need drinks that carry electrolytes. These include if you have been sweating profusely, such as after an hour or more of athletic activity. Another reason is if you have been ill from vomiting or diarrhea, which causes significant water losses. Other medical conditions, such as kidney disease or hormone disorder also can contribute to electrolyte loss. Talk to your physician before drinking electrolyte replacement drinks to ensure they will not interfere with any medications you are taking.
Sports Drinks
Sports drinks were created to replace lost electrolytes due to physical activity. While formulations may vary, these drinks contain electrolytes lost via your sweat, including sodium, calcium and potassium. If you have exercised or sweated to the point where you have lost significant amounts of electrolytes, drinking plain water may dilute your blood too rapidly. Because a sports drink contains both electrolytes and fluids, it can more effectively replenish lost electrolytes.
Oral Rehydration Solutions
Oral rehydration solutions are intended chiefly for young children who may have lost excess electrolytes due to vomiting or diarrhea. Oral rehydration solutions differ from sports drinks in that sports drinks tend to contain glucose or carbohydrates because energy stores are used during exercise. However, these carbohydrates are typically in the form of sugars, which can aggravate diarrhea symptoms.
Considerations
Other beverages may contain electrolytes in some form. For example, orange juice typically contains potassium because oranges are high in potassium. However, these drinks are not specifically designed to replace lost electrolytes or may not have a complete electrolyte profile. If you experience symptoms such as extreme thirst, confusion, anxiety, numbness or fatigue, you may need an electrolyte-replacement beverage. In some instances, extreme loss of electrolytes can be a medical emergency. Seek medical treatment if you experience an irregular heartbeat or vomiting related to fluid losses.
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