During the second and third trimester of pregnancy, a woman needs approximately 300 additional calories per day. The American Pregnancy Association recommends 75 to 100 grams of protein, at least 1000 mg of calcium, 27 mg of iron, at least 85 mg of vitamin C and 600 to 800 micrograms (mcg) of folate or folic acid per day for pregnant women. Since mom and baby’s health relies so heavily on nutritional intake, following a liquid diet while pregnant can be dangerous if it results in malnutrition.
Liquid Diet Dangers
Malnutrition is the most significant risk associated with liquid diets. Although you might be able to take in enough calories through a liquid diet, it’s highly unlikely that you’ll receive an adequate amount of nutrients. In fact, the Drugs.com website acknowledges that liquid diets should only be used when absolutely necessary – such as when you are having problems eating. Insufficient nutrients places you at greater risk for fatigue, loss of energy, weakness, joint pain and digestive problems, among many other health concerns. Malnutrition also places your baby at risk for a variety of developmental problems, such as weak bones, brain and spinal cord defects and low birth weight.
Liquid Diet Benefits
Although liquid diets can be dangerous, they may be a good option for pregnant women who have a difficult time eating regularly. Whether a physical problem makes it difficult for you to chew or swallow or strong bouts of nausea make your appetite nonexistent, liquids are a good way to pump calories into your body. Opt for nutritious liquids, rather than soda and sugary juices that deliver essentially no nutrients. Healthy liquids include unsweetened fruit or vegetable juice, milk, decaffeinated coffee, tea and nutrition supplement shakes. If you can handle liquids with a bit more texture, you might also consider cream of wheat cereal, pureed oatmeal, gelatin, pudding, yogurt or ice cream -- in moderation, of course.
Drinks to Avoid
While following a liquid diet, avoid caffeinated beverages and certain types of herbal teas. Excessive caffeine intake has been linked to preterm delivery, low birth weight and increased risk of miscarriage, according to Parents.com. Although most herbal teas are safe to drink during pregnancy, some varieties can cause pregnancy complications, such as preterm labor. The Parents.com website suggests that mint tea, fruit-flavored tea, green tea and black tea are generally safe during pregnancy. However, some types of chamomile and hibiscus tea should be avoided. To ensure safety, get your doctor’s approval before drinking tea regularly.
Considerations
If you are attempting to follow a liquid diet during pregnancy, consult your physician or a dietitian to help you plan daily intake guidelines. Depending on the types and amounts of liquids you consume, you may need additional supplementation to meet your daily nutrient needs.
References
- American Pregnancy Association; Pregnancy Nutrition; October 2008
- Mayo Clinic; Pregnancy diet: Focus on these essential nutrients; May 2011
- Mayo Clinic; Pregnancy nutrition: Foods to avoid during pregnancy; May 2011
- Parents.com; Parents.com > Pregnancy & Birth > My Pregnant Body > Pregnancy Nutrition Pregnancy Eating: What's Safe, What's Not; Shaun Dreisbach
- Drugs.com: Full Liquid Diet
- University of Michigan Health System: Colds and Flu During Pregnancy
