The ripe berries of the Sambucus nigra plant are used to make herbal medicines for pain, infections and swelling. Herbalists believe that chemicals in the berries have anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antiviral properties. The University of Maryland Medical Center reports that black elderberry could shorten the duration of the flu and improve sinus symptoms, although side effects are possible and some forms of the berry are toxic.
About
Black elderberry, also called European elder, is a fruit-bearing shrub that grows approximately 30 feet tall in sunny regions. Unripe berries appear green, becoming red and finally black when ripe. Although the black berries contain a host of health-promoting properties, including flavonoids, the raw fruit contains a chemical akin to cyanide – a poisonous compound.
Uncooked Black Elderberry
Because uncooked or unripe black elderberries are toxic, they may cause abdominal discomfort, including severe diarrhea, nausea or vomiting. In some cases, ingesting these poisonous berries leads to death. The stems and leaves of the plant also contain toxic substances, which can cause harmful effects if ingested.
Drug Interactions
Black elderberry poses risks for people who use other medications or herbs, such as laxatives, diuretics, diabetes medications, immunosuppressant drugs and certain medications used for asthma and other respiratory conditions. Because this is not an exhaustive list, you should talk to your doctor about the safety of black elderberry before using the herb in any form.
Considerations
Because elderberry is an antioxidant-rich berry, some manufacturers claim that products containing these berries are able to protect against disease and treat existing diseases. In truth, these claims are unfounded and even dangerous. In an article for Medical News Today, FDA associate commissioner Dara A. Corrigan says that products boasting unapproved disease claims are hazardous because they may cause consumers to avoid or delay valid treatments.
Potentially Safe Dosages
If you choose to use black elderberry, do so under the direction of your doctor and only for a period of up to five days, as long-term use increases the risk of side effects. Various forms of the herb include teas, liquid extracts, tablets and capsules. Some adults use two tablets three times daily for sinus infections. Cold and flu sufferers may use 4 tablespoons daily for three days. Consult your pediatrician for child safety and dosage information.
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