Your nervous system is made up of a remarkable network of nerves that transmit information between your body and brain. Because of this network, your gastrointestinal system knows how to digest the food you eat and your fingertips can feel different textures and temperatures, for instance. When these nerves are damaged, as occurs with neuropathy, loss of function and feeling can occur in the area affected. Depending on which nerves are injured, symptoms can range from tingling or pain in your arms and legs to blood pressure or digestive issues. Certain forms of neuropathy may be managed through nutrition therapy.
Vitamin B-12 Deficiency
According to the Center for Peripheral Neuropathy of The University of Chicago, there is a direct link between vitamin B-12 deficiency and peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral neuropathy affects nerves in the extremities such as legs, feet, arms and hands. Lack of vitamin B-12 damages the myelin sheaths that are supposed to surround and protect these nerves. Vegetarians may be susceptible to B-12 deficiency, as this vitamin is found mostly in animal products. If your body cannot absorb B-12, as occurs with certain conditions, this can also lead to a deficiency. Nutrition therapy for neuropathy caused by B-12 deficiency involves increasing intake of B-12 sources like red meat, poultry, fish, eggs and dairy products. A vitamin B-12 supplement or injection may also be prescribed by your doctor.
Gastrointestinal Issues
Autonomic neuropathy affects the nerves in organs that perform involuntary functions -- organs such as the heart and bladder, for instance. Autonomic neuropathy can also affect the gastrointestinal system. One of the most common results of nerve damage to the digestive system is gastroparesis, a condition where the stomach empties too slowly. This can lead to symptoms such as indigestion, belching, nausea and vomiting. If you suffer from gastroparesis, your doctor may recommend consuming six small meals per day instead of three larger ones. This prevents the stomach from getting too full at one meal. Foods that are high in fat and fiber may further slow digestion; therefore, your doctor may urge you to limit these foods.
Diabetic Neuropathy
Diabetic neuropathy refers to any nerve damage, peripheral, autonomic or otherwise, caused by diabetes. The National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse states that up to 60 to 70 percent of diabetics develop some form of neuropathy over time, but it is most common in those who have problems controlling their blood glucose. The best treatment for diabetic neuropathy is to bring blood glucose levels down to a normal range and to maintain that range. This can be done through glucose monitoring, meal planning, physical activity and possibly medications or insulin.
Professional Intervention
If you've been diagnosed with any form of neuropathy, it is best to consult your doctor for treatment options. Although there is no cure for neuropathy, certain symptoms can be treated through nutrition therapy, but your doctor or dietitian should be the one to determine the best course of action for your situation.
