In order to get along in the world, children need to learn to develop social skills. According to Eileen Kennedy-Moore, Ph.D., in an article for "Psychology Today," this involves adapting personal desires to fit each social situation. Children need to learn to pick up on social cues, interpret the behavior of others and how to interact in a positive manner.
Playgroups
At an early age, kids can learn some of the social skills by being involved in playgroups. The "Merck Manual Home Health Handbook" recommends organizing get-togethers with parents and children the same age as yours to give them the opportunity to interact and share. Give them opportunities to interact on their own while you observe. One of the added benefits will be to discover any developmental issues that can be addressed before they start school.
Indoor Games and Activities
Play indoor games with your child to teach him the value of taking turns, being a gracious winner, how to lose with dignity and strategizing in a social setting. If your child is too competitive, "Psychology Today" contributor Charlotte Reznick, Ph.D., recommends reframing the game by discussing the fun aspect and how well the team works together. Taking away the emphasis on winning will help your child learn that winning isn’t the most important aspect of playing games. Some of the indoor activities you may enjoy with your child are age-appropriate board games, charades and continuous story telling with each person taking a turn and adding a few sentences to a story.
Outdoor Games and Activities
Organize outdoor games with your child that are appropriate for your child’s age and level of development, recommends the Centers for Disease Control. Some of the games you can play with most ages include a scavenger hunt, story role-playing, follow-the-leader and hide-and-seek. After the scavenger hunt, have the children get together and organize items by shape and color. In story role-playing, they learn to interact and work together as they engage in pretend play. Other games teach them to follow directions, obey rules and cooperate with others.
Critical Thinking
Sit down with your child and ask him to discuss his social problems. After giving him time to tell you his thoughts and feelings, ask him how he would like things to be. Reznick recommends allowing him to write or draw illustrations to help with visualization, which may help him understand how to work through the issue in real life. You can lead him in a discussion on how to solve social problems and deal with friendships that are difficult.
References
- "Psychology Today"; What are Social Skills?; Eileen Kennedy-Moore; August 2011
- The Merck Manual Home Health Handbook; Promoting Optimal Health and Development; Eve R. Colson, MD
- "Psychology Today"; 6 Ways to Help Your Child Develop Better Friendships; Charlotte Reznick; March 2011
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Go Out and Play! Kit
