There's no face on the planet that can't benefit from moisturizer. In fact, besides cleansing, it's the one thing every face needs. Its benefits go beyond the obvious. Of course its main purpose is to lock moisture into and onto the skin; it also provides a protective layer that minimizes the impact of naturally harsh conditions such as wind and sun, and artificially harsh conditions such as environmental toxins.
The ingredients you need in a moisturizer will depend on your age and skin type and even where you live and what you do every day. People in sunnier climates and those who work outside, for example, should look for sunscreen in every preparation they use.
What to Look for
Although no two human beings are exactly alike, some general guidelines based on age are a good starting point for determining which ingredients you may need in a moisturizer. In your teens and 20s, look for antioxidants (vitamins A and C, among others) to reduce the effects of sun damage and help the skin do its natural repair work. If acne is a problem, you may want to consider using a moisturizer made by one of the companies whose stock-in-trade is acne fighting. They may include some salicylic acid along with the typical softening agents.
In your 30s, continue using a moisturizer with antioxidants. Some of the latest offerings include a double-dose of antioxidants: ones that work right away and others that are time-released. Sometime in your 30s, the amount of collagen your skin produces declines, leading to skin that's more wrinkled and less firm. To compensate, try a moisturizer with peptides (copper peptides are getting a lot of press), simple proteins that may help skin increase collagen production. Retinol, a Vitamin A derivative, may help slough off dead cells and reduce the appearance of wrinkles, which likely start appearing by the late 30s.
In your 40s, loss of collagen means the skin retains less moisture, and your need for moisturizer becomes even greater. Deeper wrinkles and bigger pores signify an even greater need for retinol. But beware: Retinol and similar Vitamin A derivatives make your skin even more susceptible to sun damage, so don't skip the sunscreen.
In your 50s, you may want all of the above plus hyaluronic acid, which absorbs water and makes skin look firmer as a result. Green tea will help if your skin is sensitive or prone to irritation.
In your 60s and above, moisturize at least twice a day. At this age, lifestyle choices make the most difference in your skin condition. Drink plenty of water, limit alcohol consumption, don't smoke, eat a balanced diet, stay out of the sun and get plenty of rest.
Common Pitfalls
Although it's good for sensitive skin, anyone prone to acne may want to avoid products with a lot of petrolatum. Known for its use in Vaseline, it can clog pores and cause more problems than the dry skin you may have started with.
No matter what you use on your skin, the most important thing is to give it a good start. The best moisturizers can't do their jobs well if you aren't vigilant about cleansing. And never go to bed with makeup on.
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