Foot cramps are painful contractions of muscles in the foot. A cramp can sideline you from activity while you wait for the cramping and pain to subside. Some people experience this cramping more than others, and many times it relates to exercise-induced factors, although exercise is not a requirement for cramps to develop. One key factor that might be affecting your foot's cramping is whether your muscles are getting enough electrolytes.
Role of Electrolytes
Electrolytes are minerals that are used by the human body to trigger contractions in the muscles. These have an electric function in the body, particularly in the muscles and the nerves. Without electrolytes your body's musculature and central nervous system would be unable to function. These minerals are replaced constantly through your diet.
Fluid Replacement
Most exercise experts recommend drinking water during exercise to replace lost fluids. But when you are exercising for long periods of time--particularly in excess of one hour--you should incorporate fluids that contain electrolytes to replenish the body. A sports drink like Gatorade or Powerade can add sugars, salt and other minerals to your body.
Other Cramp Causes
Several factors outside of electrolytes can cause cramping to develop. In some cases it can be difficult to determine the cause, and more than one factor may be contributing to your foot cramps. Muscle fatigue is common--as you exercise, the elasticity and strength of muscles wear down, and cramps often occur as a precursor to strained muscles. High temperatures can increase the risk of a foot cramp, as can dehydration, according to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.
Considerations
Isolated cases of foot cramping are nothing to worry about. But if you find yourself constantly suffering from foot cramps either after exercise or at other points during the day--or even when you sleep--report the cramping to your doctor. It is possible that a nutritional deficiency is causing the cramps to occur, and preventative measures like light stretching or an improved diet may alleviate your cramps.
