Gluten is the protein component of wheat that can cause adverse effects in people who have a gluten sensitivity. Symptoms of gluten sensitivity, according to Des Moines University, can include menstrual irregularities, depression and migraine headaches. In its most severe manifestation, a wheat gluten allergy or sensitivity may be diagnosed as celiac disease. The symptoms of celiac disease are similar to those of a wheat gluten allergy but tend to be more chronic, damaging and severe, according to the Wm. K. Warren Medical Research Center for Celiac Disease. If you are experiencing migraine headaches, see your doctor to determine the underlying cause.
Wheat Gluten Allergy and Intolerance
Although often used interchangeably, wheat allergy and wheat intolerance are not the same condition, although both can lead to migraines. An allergy, explains the University of Maryland, occurs when your body's immune system is triggered by a perceived invader. In contrast, a wheat gluten intolerance that is characteristic of celiac disease is not an allergic response but rather an adverse reaction. This reaction generally affects the digestive or metabolic systems. Wheat gluten intolerance usually isn't imminently life-threatening whereas an allergic response to wheat gluten can cause a closing of your airways.
Migraines and Celiac Disease
Migraine headaches appear to be a primary problem for people living with wheat gluten intolerance. A 2003 article published in "The American Journal of Gastroenterology" found that a significant number of participants who experienced migraines were found to have celiac disease. When the participants were placed on a gluten-free diet, they experienced fewer migraines. Celiac disease can sometimes be diagnosed through a simple blood test, according to the Wm. K. Warren Medical Research Center for Celiac Disease. Consuming a gluten-free diet can help these individuals determine if their migraines are triggered by wheat gluten.
Migraines and Wheat Gluten Allergy
More than 50 million Americans experience a headache every year but fewer than 75 percent will seek medical help, according to the University of Florida. Migraine headaches are caused by constriction and relaxation of arteries in the brain that places pressure on the surrounding nerves. Food allergies are one of the primary causes of headaches, and the most common allergens include wheat. The University of Florida recommends that, if you suspect you may have a wheat allergy, you maintain a log of the foods you eat and any symptoms that occur.
Considerations
Both a wheat allergy and intolerance can cause debilitating migraine headaches which can be prevented by avoiding foods that contain wheat and wheat gluten. The University of Maryland explains that wheat isn't always readily identified in some foods. Condiments such as soy sauce, vinegar, gravy mix and even certain vitamin supplements may contain sources of wheat or wheat gluten. Choosing gluten-free versions when possible, such as gluten-free breads and other baked goods, can help reduce your risk of developing a migraine. In addition, prescription medications may be necessary to reduce the pain of an unexpected migraine.
References
- Des Moines University: What is Gluten Intolerance?
- University of Maryland Dining Services: Allergies, Intolerance, and Sensitivity
- Wm. K. Warren Medical Research Center for Celiac Disease: FAQ For Patients - Adults
- "The American Journal of Gastroenterology"; Association between migraine and Celiac Disease: Results From a Preliminary Case-Control and Therapeutic Study.; M. Gabrielli, et al.; 2003
- University of South Florida: Headaches
