A variety of causes can lead to shaking and dizziness before or after exercise, some of them quite serious. In many instances, the underlying cause is something simple, such as overexertion or not eating enough, If you experience dizzy spells consistently, an underlying medical issue might be the problem, so consult a doctor right away.
Overexertion
If you are out of shape and push yourself too hard, your body cannot keep up with the increased demand for oxygen to your brain, which can lead to dizziness. Even if you are a conditioned athlete, pushing beyond your limits can have similar results. Your muscles are also affected by overexertion if you work out to the point of fatigue. Fatigued muscles don't contract smoothly because some of the muscle groups stop working, according to physiology professor Loren G. Martin, leading to shaking and trembling.
Hypoglycemia
Having low levels of glucose in your blood is referred to as hypoglycemia or low blood sugar. It is common in diabetics, but it can happen even if you don't have diabetes when you don't eat enough or skip a meal. Glucose is your body's main source of fuel and when it is lacking, it cannot function properly, leading to shakiness and dizziness. Other symptoms can also be present when experiencing hypoglycemia, including irritability, hunger, weakness, confusion and nausea.
Other Causes
Dehydration, taking certain prescription medications and being sick with a cold or the flu can all lead to feeling shaky and dizzy after exercising. In some cases, a more serious underlying medical condition is made worse or more noticeable when exercising. Common conditions that can lead to dizziness and shaking include heart problems, high or low blood pressure, stroke, seizure, or vertigo. Nerve disorders such as Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis can have similar symptoms.
Treatment
As soon as you start to feel dizzy and shaky, stop exercising and rest. Drink small sips of water to hydrate yourself. Eat a small snack that has sugar or carbohydrates, such as crackers and a piece of fruit or fruit juice. Lying down on your back to keep your heart even with your head can help restore the blood flow to your brain, possibly reducing dizziness. If self-care measures aren't effective or you have other symptoms such as shortness of breath or chest pain, consult a doctor.
Prevention
To prevent hypoglycemia, eat a small snack before exercising. Columbia University Health Services recommends eating consuming fewer than 200 calories if you have less than an hour before exercising. Stay hydrated by drinking at least 16 ounces of water two hours before exercising. Drink plenty of water during and after exercise, particularly if you are sweating a lot. If you are exercising for an extended period of time, drink water or a sports drink that contains electrolytes to help you hydrate more effectively. Pace yourself during exercise and avoid pushing yourself to the point of fatigue. If you continue to feel dizzy and shaky after exercising, seek advice from your health care provider before exercising again. Discuss any medications you are taking to ensure they aren't the cause of your symptoms.
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