Allergy to Cumin Reaction

Cumin seeds and ground cumin are used to flavor foods, particularly in Indian, Middle Eastern and North African cuisines. According to the World Allergy Organization, allergies to cumin and other spices are not common, but can develop in older children and adults. Since cumin is a member of the parsley family, it's often linked to allergies to carrot, celery, dill, anise, coriander and caraway, which contain similar proteins. It can also be related to pollen allergies.

Causes

If you're allergic, your body reacts to a protein, or profilin, found in cumin and other foods and spices. Your immune system produces Immunoglobulin E, an antibody and histamine, which causes inflammation of soft tissues and other symptoms. Researchers at the Institute of General and Experimental Pathology found links between mugwort and birch pollen allergy, and hypersensitivity to spices. They warn that spice allergies are particularly dangerous because of their hidden presence in many dishes.

Symptoms

According to the Calgary Allergy Network, cumin can cause oral allergy syndrome. Symptoms occur soon after eating or touching the spice, and include an itchy, tingly mouth, lips and throat. Your lips and tongue might swell and you might sneeze, have a runny nose and watery eyes. You might develop an itchy rash where cumin touched your skin. Some people have more severe symptoms, such as vomiting, cramps and diarrhea. A life-threatening, anaphylactic reaction to spices is extremely rare. However, if your throat swells, and you have difficulty breathing and a weak, rapid pulse, seek immediate medical treatment.

Tests and Diagnosis

If you think you're allergic to cumin, talk to your doctor and describe your symptoms. Since cumin isn’t a common allergenic food, and is usually used with other spices and foods, it can be hard to pinpoint exactly what causes your reaction. You'll usually need to take a skin or blood test. In a skin test, your skin is pricked, allowing a tiny amount of allergen below the surface. If you're allergic, a rash will develop. In a blood test, a sample is tested for the presence of antibodies, your body's reaction to an allergen.

Treatment

Prescribed or over-the-counter antihistamines can relieve your symptoms. If you have a skin rash, topical corticosteroids can reduce the itching and inflammation. Your doctor might recommend allergy shots if you also have hay fever. If you're at risk of anaphylaxis, your doctor will usually prescribe an epinephrine injector, which you should carry with you at all times. After use, go directly to the emergency room.

Prevention

The best way to prevent a reaction is to avoid cumin and any foods containing it. Check labels carefully, and remember cumin can be an ingredient in spice mixes. When eating out, tell restaurant staff about your allergy and ask detailed questions about ingredients and food preparation.