Food allergies can be debilitating and sometimes affect young children whose immune and digestive systems are still immature. However, also adults can be allergic to food proteins, such as casein found in milk. Your body develops a milk allergy when your immune system attacks a protein or proteins present in milk. These proteins trigger an antibody response that leads to a release of histamine that causes the symptoms of allergy. If you suspect you are allergic to milk or casein, contact your doctor. In rare cases, milk allergy can be fatal.
Casein Protein
Cow's milk has two main proteins that can trigger an allergic reaction. Casein is a protein found in milk and in the solid part of curdled milk. Whey is also found in milk, as well as in the liquid part of curdled milk. You may be allergic to both of these proteins or only casein. Besides milk, casein is found in processed foods that are made with milk, curdled milk or casein protein. You may also get an allergic reaction when drinking sheep, buffalo or goat milk.
Symptoms
Symptoms of casein allergy range from mild to severe and can differ from one person to another. Immediate reactions after consuming casein protein include skin rash, vomiting and wheezing. Other symptoms that may develop later on include diarrhea, abdominal cramps, coughing, runny nose and watery eyes. In severe cases, allergic reactions can include breathing difficulties and loss of consciousness -- symptoms of anaphylactic shock, which life-threatening and needs an immediate medical attention.
Prevention
The only way to prevent an allergic reaction is to avoid all foods that contain casein. Avoid milk, yogurt, ice cream, butter, margarine and cheese, and always check food labels and avoid products that mention casein, lactose, milk solids, sodium caseinate or milk proteins. Use milk-free alternatives such as soy, almond or rice milk. If you are only allergic to casein and not to whey protein, you may be able to eat foods that contain only whey, such as whey protein supplements.
Treatment
If you accidentally consume casein, you can ease some of the mild symptoms with over-the-counter antihistamine pills. Consult your doctor for the best product for you. If you go into anaphylactic shock, you likely will require an injection of epinephrine, either from a portable injection device or at a hospital emergency room.
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