More than 80 percent of children consume more total fat than is recommended by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, according to the Council of State Governments. Nearly half of the calories they consume are eaten during school hours. Excessive eating in juveniles can lead to a number of medical, social and psychological problems that often persist into adulthood. There are many potential causes of excessive eating, as well as various solutions that can be implemented by parents and schools to address this growing problem.
Causes
Overeating in juveniles may be caused by growth spurts, medical problems, depression, anxiety or stress. Food can also be a source of comfort for children. If physical and medical issues have been ruled out, overeating can simply be a side effect of being bored or idle while participating in sedentary activities such as video games or watching television. Overeating may be a matter of having limited access to lean meats, fruits, vegetables and whole grains, which are more nutritious and filling than unhealthier foods, such as potato chips and cookies.
Statistics
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in the past 30 years, the rates of obesity in juveniles have nearly tripled in the United States. About 17 percent of children and adolescents are now considered obese. According to the CDC, the rates of obesity are significantly higher for youth who are minorities and those who come from low-income households. About one in seven preschool-aged children who come from low-income families is obese. This rate remains constant even in areas with lower overall rates of obesity, according to the CDC.
Health Concerns
Childhood overeating can lead to obesity, which can have a negative effect on health. According to the CDC, children who are obese have an increased chance of high cholesterol and blood pressure levels, which are both risk factors for heart disease. Childhood obesity can also lead to type 2 diabetes, heartburn, breathing problems, asthma, joint problems, gallstones, liver disease and some types of cancer. The CDC also states that children who are overweight also have a higher risk of psychological and social problems, including depression, low self-esteem, isolation and bullying by peers. These risks are likely to carry over into adulthood.
Solutions
If a child overeats, parents should consult the child's pediatrician to rule out or treat any medical or psychological problems. Overeating behaviors in juveniles can be treated by increasing access to healthy food options, limiting access to unhealthy food options and increasing physical activity in children. Replacing sugary and fatty foods and drinks in school vending machines with nutritious and more filling options, such as fruit, yogurt and nuts, can help prevent children from consuming too many empty calories. Children should also be encouraged to participate in sports and other physical activities to prevent inactivity. Parents should also monitor their children's portion sizes when eating.
