Allergic conjunctivitis is commonly associated with hay fever, also called seasonal allergies. Most cases of allergic conjunctivitis are the result of an allergic reaction to airborne substances, such as pet dander, pollen, dust mites and mold. Food allergies can also cause irritation in the eyes that can cause a similar reaction. If you suspect that you’re allergic to a specific food, contact an allergist to undergo tests and receive a diagnosis.
About Conjunctivitis
"Conjunctivitis" is the medical term used to describe inflammation in the lining of the thin membrane that covers your eyes. Conjunctivitis may occur from a bacterial infection, called "pink eye" that is commonly treated with antibiotic eye drops. Allergic conjunctivitis is the result of increased histamine produced in the eyes from an allergen, not bacteria. Although symptoms can become severe, allergic conjunctivitis does not pose any threat to your eyesight. The most effective way to prevent and treat this condition is to avoid all known allergens.
Food Allergies
Most food allergies are caused by consuming wheat, fish, soy, nuts, peanuts, eggs and milk. A food allergy occurs when your immune system malfunctions and mistakes proteins in a food as dangerous. Immune system cells identify infectious organisms that enter the body and attempt to kill them before they cause sickness. During a food allergy, the immune system identifies proteins as dangerous, when they are in fact safe for the human body. This mistake causes the production of immunoglobulin E antibodies and histamine, which cause irritation throughout the body.
Nuts
Peanuts and nuts are commonly categorized together because of similar proteins and visual appearance, but peanuts are actually a legume. If you’re allergic to nuts or peanuts, you respiratory system may react with a runny nose, nasal congestion, eye irritation and shortness of breath. Increased amounts of histamine cause blood vessels to dilate in the soft tissues of the eyes, causing inflammation and irritation. Your eyes may turn red, become teary and itchy. Peanut and nut allergies are commonly associated with anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction.
Treatment
Allergic conjunctivitis may be treated with over-the-counter antihistamines to help block mast cells in the eyes from creating histamine. Talk with your doctor before using any medication to treat your condition. Avoidance of all nuts and peanuts is the most effective way to prevent symptoms from developing.
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