Cervical cancer is a type of cancer affecting the cervix, a part of a woman's reproductive system located in the lower portion of the uterus. Approximately 11,000 cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed each year, according to the National Cervical Cancer Coalition. Radiation therapy is common treatment method for cervical cancer. Radiation therapy kills cancer cells, but it may also kill healthy cells nearby, leading to a variety of side effects depending on the location of the cancer being treated. Because the cervix is located in the lower pelvis, in close proximity to parts of the digestive tract, it may be necessary to modify your diet to help manage the side effects of radiation therapy.
Diarrhea
Diarrhea is a common side effect of radiation therapy to the pelvis as healthy cells in the intestines are damaged during the process. If you experience diarrhea, temporary changes in your diet can help relieve symptoms. Avoid high-fiber foods such as whole grain breads, cereals and crackers, legumes, and raw fruits and vegetables with peels and seeds. Also avoid any foods that are greasy or overly spicy that can exacerbate diarrhea. Focus on soft, bland foods that are easy to digest, including bananas, rice, applesauce, white bread and white rice. Sip on clear liquids, such as apple juice, broth, tea and sports drinks to avoid dehydration. As your diarrhea improves, you can incorporate more easily digested foods into your diet, including tender poultry, yogurt, mashed potatoes and noodles. When you no longer have diarrhea, you can slowly resume a regular diet.
Nausea and Vomiting
Radiation therapy to the pelvis can also lead to nausea and vomiting. Small amounts of bland foods that are easy to digest, including crackers and white toast, can settle your stomach. Frequent sips of clear liquids throughout the day can help maintain hydration without upsetting your stomach. It may be helpful to drink liquids between meals so your stomach doesn't feel overly full at meal time. Avoid overly sweet, spicy or greasy foods, as well as foods with strong odors, which can make nausea worse.
Fatigue
Fatigue is the most common side effect of cancer treatments, according to the American Cancer Society. Fatigue is characterized by decreased energy levels, and it is not relieved by extra rest. If you experience fatigue, allow your friends and family members to prepare your meals so you can reserve your energy for eating. Large batches of food can be separated into individual serving sizes and stored in the freezer for easy and nutritious meals. Good nutrition is key in fighting fatigue as a healthy diet can help boost energy levels.
Professional Resources
If you are undergoing radiation therapy for cervical cancer and questions or concerns about your nutrition, consult a registered dietitian. Registered dietitians are trained to assess a person's nutritional status and design an eating plan based on their medical needs. A dietitian can help you design an eating plan to nourish your body while managing radiation therapy side effects.
