There are three basic varieties of bike pedals: flat pedals, pedals with metal cages and leather straps, and so-called "clipless" pedals. Plain flat pedals are fine for children, very casual riders who might go out for a spin once a month, seniors who are concerned with balance, and those who expect to ride among cars in traffic a lot. For fitness riding, clipless pedals are preferred. They have a metal plate into which you snap special cycling shoes via a corresponding metal platform or cleat. When stopping, an easy twist of the heel releases your foot from the pedal. Clipless pedals have become the norm for those out for more than just a half-hour cruise because they are the most efficient means of transferring the energy from your legs as you rotate the pedals upward as well as downward to the wheels that propel the bicycle forward. Toe cages and straps are an older, less efficient kind of pedal technology but are still used by many riders.
What to Look for
When buying a new bike you may be offered your choice of pedals. A flat pedal should be the choice of those who want to ride in sneakers, sandals or any other shoes. However, there are models of clipless pedals are flat on one side and have the clips in the other side, so you can ride both ways--clipped in or not. Buyers need to make sure they get shoes that are coordinated to work with the brand of clipless pedals they buy, since not all models are compatible with one another. Test ride shoes with the clipless pedals to be sure your foot placement does not cause discomfort in your knees. Ask for pedals that have some play in them when starting out so you can twist a foot out of the pedals without too much effort.
Common Pitfalls
Some older riders feel more in control with toe cages and straps. Still, when a rider comes to an abrupt stop or forgets that he or she is strapped in, feet can get just as stuck in the cages. New riders often fear that they will be vulnerable to falls in clipless pedals because they won't be able to disengage a foot quickly enough before toppling over. But any adult, even a senior who has ridden for years on flat or toe-clip pedals, discovers within the first half hour that properly adjusted clipless pedals are a cinch to master. Take care when buying a pedal that is not compatible with the most widespread clipless models designated "SPD"--otherwise you will need to buy different shoes. Cheaper clipless pedals are apt to weigh considerably more than sleek but expensive models.
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