The traditional “women’s herb” known as cramp bark gets its name from its reputation for helping women treat painful menstrual cramping. The herb comes from the bark of the Viburnum opulus bush, which grows in both North America and Europe. Although cramp bark currently is not considered a harmful botanical, the little-researched botanical might nonetheless possess some dangers, especially for women who use it without consulting their physicians. Taking herbs rather than seeking medical treatment for painful periods might result in not receiving treatment for serious conditions such as endometriosis.
Scientific Research
Both New York University’s Langone Medical Center and Cox College's Complementary Medicine program list cramp bark as a well-known traditional herb for menstrual pain, including the chronic or severe type known as dysmenorrhea; however, because scientific research is lacking on cramp bark’s efficacy in easing menstrual pain, the herb cannot be recommended. According to Drugs.com, existing research primarily concerns the effect of cramp bark on uterine relaxation in rats. Other natural treatments, such as magnesium, vitamin E and fish oil, have been studied more extensively than herbs such as cramp bark.
Nursing and Pregnancy
Cramp bark’s traditional uses extend from easing cramps during menstruation to employing the herb during pregnancy and after delivery. Native American healers, as well as 19th century Eclectic physicians who advocated herbal healing, prescribed cramp bark to prevent miscarriage. The Iroquois tribe considered it useful for preventing post-natal complications. But because modern studies are lacking about the effect of cramp bark on mother and baby during pregnancy and nursing, the herb cannot be recommended for use during these stages, according to Drugs.com.
Side Effects and Drug Interactions
Drugs.com notes that no known side effects or drug interactions for cramp bark currently exist, nor are there any documented reports of toxic reactions to the herb. But because definitive research is lacking that shows it to be safe for most women, negative reactions cannot be ruled out. Always ask your physician before taking any herbal treatments, especially if you also take prescription medication regularly or use other botanicals.
Advantages
If your doctor approves, you might find cramp bark useful during painful periods, especially those that are accompanied by vomiting and nausea. For women who find it effective, the relief might come from its chemical composition, which includes a kind of coumarin. In some cases, coumarin provides pain relief and helps reduce swelling. The University of Maryland Medical Center suggests making tea at a ratio of 2 tsp. of dried bark to 1 cup of water. Simmer the bark in the water for about 15 minutes to extract its healing properties. Drink the tea up to three times a day during painful periods, if your doctor approves.
