Physical therapy promotes an increase in strength, mobility and fitness. Occupational therapy is used to help improve the ability to perform the tasks necessary for everyday living. Young children with physical or developmental issues may benefit from a combination of both physical and occupational therapies-- termed "co-therapies"-- in order to address physical deficits and improve the ability to function optimally in their everyday environments.
Physical Therapy
The goal of physical therapy is to improve strength, mobility, muscle development, balance and coordination. Through the use of exercise and therapeutic modalities, physical therapists help people to regain muscle strength, normal movement and range of motion. Physical therapy focuses on working the musculoskeletal system to restore or improve body function.
Physical Therapy Uses in the Pediatric Population
Pediatric physical therapy is often used for children who have suffered an injury, were born with physical defects, or who for some other reason are developmentally limited. Children who have had surgery may also work with a physical therapist to help them regain normal function while learning how to adapt to changes in their physical abilities. For example, a physical therapist is usually employed to teach an injured or surgical patient how to use crutches correctly to avoid further bodily damage.
Occupational Therapy
The goal of occupational therapy is to help people to become more independent in performing everyday tasks, such as getting dressed, brushing teeth, and preparing meals. Traditionally, occupational therapists focus on enabling people to overcome mental or physical barriers that prevent them from performing in their occupation. When it comes to children, occupational therapists focus on the ability to engage in activities that they participate in on a daily basis, including play and school activities. Occupational therapists not only focus on the physical component, but they also focus on the cognitive, psychological, and social factors that are contributing to their limited ability to perform tasks.
Occupational Therapy Uses in the Pediatric Population
Occupational therapy is often used for children with mental or physical disabilities. For example, children with autism or persuasive development disorders can benefit from the structured teaching that occupational therapists provide. Like physical therapy, occupational therapy can also help address the needs of children who have suffered an injury or have undergone surgery. Occupational therapy may be used to pick up where physical therapy leaves off by teaching young patients how to function in their everyday environments. For example, a physical therapist may teach a child how to use crutches, but an occupational therapist may teach a child ways to shower, get dressed and put on a backpack while managing his crutches.
