Digestive enzymes are produced by the pancreas and excreted into the digestive system. Some individuals, over time, may begin to produce fewer enzymes and develop a sensitive digestive system. Those with an overactive pancreas can also develop a condition called pancreatitis, where the enzymes are secreted into the pancreas itself. Many digestive enzymes can be found in over-the-counter capsule or tablet form. Consult your health care provider before trying enzymes or other natural supplements.
Protease
Protease is the main enzyme used to break down proteins in the body. Without it, proteins, such as meat, eggs and fish, cannot be digested properly and will putrify in the digestive tract, causing gas, bloating and other gastrointestinal disturbances. The waste may further be absorbed through the intestinal wall and into other parts of the body, including the circulatory system. Proper protein digestion is vital to good health.
Cellulase
Cellulose is the natural soluble plant fiber found in carbohydrate-rich foods such as bread, cereal and rice as well as fruits and vegetables. Cellulase is the main enzyme used to break down these plant fibers and promote digestion and excretion. Undigested cellulose causes uncomfortable gas and bloating and can lead to other gastrointestinal problems. Normally the body produces enough enzymes for carbohydrate digestion.
Amylase
Amylase is the enzyme responsible for breaking down carbohydrates into simple sugars so they can be used by the body for energy. Complex carbohydrates come from starchy foods such as bread, pasta and potatoes. Simple carbohydrates are found in fruits and vegetables. Amylase is first produced in the saliva to begin the digestive process. More amylase is then introduced into the stomach from the pancreas to continue carbohydrate breakdown. This enzyme is essential for proper digestion of sugar and complex carbohydrates.
Lipase
Lipids are essentially fats. They are found in animal products such as meat, eggs and dairy, as well as in nuts, seeds and vegetable oils. Lipase is the enzyme used by the body to break down and digest fats. Undigested fats are deposited in the liver and can lead to deficiencies of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K. As with other essential digestive enzymes, lipase is generally included in natural enzyme supplements.
Lactase
Lactose is a naturally occurring sugar found in milk and some dairy products. Lactase is the enzyme used to break down lactose. The inability to digest lactose is referred to as lactose intolerance. This can result in gastrointestinal issues such as gas, bloating, constipation and diarrhea.
Other Natural Enzymes
While most digestive enzymes are made by the body, some can be found in the foods we eat. Papain and bromelain are natural enzymes found in papaya and pineapple. They help to digest proteins and also help prevent inflammation in the body. Papain and bromelain can be also be found over-the-counter in supplement form and may help those with a sensitive digestive system.
