Delayed gastric emptying, otherwise known as gastroparesis, is the inability of the stomach to efficiently empty its contents into the intestines. Consuming a high-fiber drink or diet can exacerbate the symptoms of gastroparesis by further slowing the rate that the food empties out of the stomach.
Causes and Symptoms of Delayed Gastric Emptying
In an otherwise healthy individual, digestion proceeds as the stomach contracts to move food from the stomach to the intestines. Gastroparesis occurs when the vagus nerve, which controls the movement of food from the stomach through the GI tract, becomes damaged. Delayed gastric emptying can be caused by viral infections, anorexia nervosa or bulimia, gastroesophageal reflux disorder, and certain medications. Symptoms include abdominal distention, low blood glucose or hypoglycemia, nausea and vomiting typically while eating, premature fullness at meals, and unintentional weight loss.
Fiber's Role in Health
Dietary fiber, soluble and insoluble, is only found in plant products and is an indigestible substance. Although fiber cannot be digested or absorbed, it is required by the gastrointestinal tract for bulking the fecal matter and improving regularity of bowel movements. Soluble fiber absorbs water in the intestines and mixes the food into a gel. Insoluble fiber acts much like a diaper by absorbing water to add bulk and softness to the stools. Ideally, all healthy individuals should follow a high-fiber diet consisting of approximately 20 to 25 grams per day.
Side Effects of a Fiber Drink
Fiber stays in the stomach longer, swells as it absorbs water, and makes you feel more full. For a person already experiencing premature fullness with delayed gastric emptying, this can exacerbate the problem and the symptoms. The concern with food lingering in the stomach for longer than normal is the ability for bacteria overgrowth to occur. Typically, if you are experiencing gastroparesis, it is recommended that you consume a low-fiber diet of less than 10 grams of fiber per day until the stomach and intestines begin to function normally again.
Diet Recommendations
There are several dietary changes you can make to lessen the degree of your symptoms. First, consuming smaller more frequent meals can help if you are experiencing early satiety or nausea and vomiting while eating. Additionally, avoid high-fat and high-fiber foods as they both slow the movement of food through the gut. In more severe cases, you may need to follow a low-fat, low-fiber liquid or pureed diet.
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