ADD, or attention deficit disorder, is a chronic disorder that affects children and adolescents, according to the Mayo Clinic. Medications are often prescribed to treat symptoms and help the child focus in school.
Types of Medications
The Mayo Clinic says stimulants, such as Ritalin, and nonstimulants, such as Strattera, are the most commonly prescribed medications for ADD. For children who don't respond to these medications, antidepressants and high blood pressure medications are other options.
Dosages
Melinda Smith, M.A., Deborah Cutter, PhD and Jeanne Segal, PhD, authors of the article "ADD/ADHD Medications," say stimulants are available in two dosages: short-acting that are taken two to three times a day, and long-acting that last between 8 and 12 hours. Nonstimulants last over 24 hours and are taken once a day.
Benefits
Smith, Cutter and Segal note that medications provide two major benefits. They boost the child's concentration to help him focus on a task. The medications also diminish distracting behaviors, such as impulsiveness.
Disadvantages
The Mayo Clinic says the disadvantages of stimulants include a diminished appetite, temporary growth rate reduction, weight loss and sleeping problems. Nonstimulants can also cause liver problems and suicidal thoughts.
Considerations
The Mayo Clinic says medications work best when combined with therapy.
