Primatene is a brand name of two over-the-counter medicines for certain types of breathing problems. The inhalant Primatene Mist contains the active ingredient epinephrine, also known as adrenaline. Primatene Asthma tablets contain ephedrine and guaifenesin. Caffeine increases levels of epinephrine in the body, and caffeine and the Primatene products have some of the same side effects. Consult a qualified health care provider before using Primatene.
Primatene Uses
Primatene Mist widens airways, making it easier to breathe. The inhalant is useful for treating shortness of breath and wheezing due to conditions such as asthma and emphysema. The tablets include a decongestant and expectorant; the combination thins and loosens phlegm and shrinks swollen tissues in the nasal passages. Primatene tablets are indicated for relieving congestion, coughing and throat irritation caused by colds, flu or allergies.
Primatene Side Effects
Both the Primatene inhalant and tablets can cause nervousness, difficulty sleeping, headaches, nausea, tremors, rapid heart rate and increased blood pressure. The mist also is associated with lack of appetite and dry mouth, while the tablets may cause dizziness, anxiety, excitability and weakness.
Caffeine
Caffeine stimulates the release of epinephrine in the body, which may increase side effects of medicines containing epinephrine. Caffeine also comes with its own possible side effects, such as rapid heart rate, anxiety, sleep problems, restlessness, nausea, tremors and increased urination. It's best to avoid foods and beverages containing caffeine when using Primatene Mist or the tablets, according to U.S. National Library of Medicine website DailyMed. Caffeine is found in regular coffee and tea, colas and some other sodas, energy drinks and chocolate. It's also added to certain over-the-counter pain relievers and daytime cold formulas.
Contraindications
Caffeine and Primatene products also have some of the same contraindications. If you have an irregular heart rhythm or other heart problems, or if you have uncontrolled high blood pressure, it may be inadvisable to use these substances. The Primatene inhalant and tablets may not be safe if you have an overactive thyroid, prostate problems or diabetes. In addition, the tablets may be unsafe if you have a history of adrenal gland problems, stroke, glaucoma or seizures.
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