Goiter is the medical term used to describe an enlarged thyroid gland. Goiter is most often associated with an iodine deficiency, although there are other possible causes. The symptoms of goiter can make it difficult for you to engage in certain aerobic activities, such as swimming. Additionally, your doctor may recommend surgical removal of part or all of your thyroid gland if you experience symptoms that interfere with your ability to function. After surgery, your body requires a healing period in which activities such as swimming are prohibited.
Causes
Iodine deficiency is one of the most common causes of goiter. Goiter often occurs in countries with iodine-poor soil, including those in Africa and Southeast Asia. Although the frequency of iodine deficiency-related goiter has declined in the United States due to the use of iodized salt, goiter can occur for a number of additional reasons, including genetic predisposition, the use of certain medications such as lithium and disorders of the thyroid gland, including hypo- and hyperthyroidism, which cause your body to produce too little or too much thyroid hormone. While regular cardiovascular activity is important for maintaining regular levels of thyroid hormone, especially if you suffer from hypothyroidism, you should consult your doctor before engaging in any type of exercise, including swimming.
Symptoms
Symptoms of goiter include an enlarged thyroid gland, which can manifest as a small nodule or a small bump less than 10 millimeters in size in your neck, or as a large lump. Additional symptoms may include difficulty breathing, trouble swallowing, feelings of tightness, soreness or hoarseness in your throat and coughing. If goiter occurs due to hypothyroidism, caused by decreased production of thyroid hormone, you may also experience symptoms such as dry hair or hair loss, constipation, weight gain, fatigue or an intolerance for cold weather.
Swimming and Hyperemia
In his book, "Diseases of the Liver & Pancreas and Ductless Glands With Their Homoeopathic Treatment," Dr. A.L. Blackwood explains that patients with goiter should avoid any activities that cause hyperemia of the neck. Exercise hyperemia is a condition that causes an excess of blood in the tissues and vessels. Swimming and any type of vigorous exercise can result in exercise-related hyperemia. According to WomensHealth.gov, you should check with your doctor before exercising if you have any type of thyroid condition, because your symptoms can interfere with your ability to perform certain types of physical activity.
Swimming after Surgery
As a part of your treatment for goiter, your doctor may recommend thyroid surgery to remove all or part of your thyroid gland. It is important to follow your doctor's recommendations for post-operative care. According to the American Thyroid Association, you should avoid heavy lifting and any vigorous activity, such as swimming, for at least 10 days after your operation.
