Although acne is one of the most common skin conditions, the scientific community has yet to fully understand it. Researchers are divided on whether certain foods have the capacity to promote acne. Some people taking whey protein powder as a dietary supplement may experience acne and question the cause. Clinical data sheds some light on the possible association between whey protein and acne.
Background
Whey protein powder is composed of a group of proteins found in milk. It is a common dietary supplement among athletes, used to improve strength and performance. If you experience papules -- a type of acne characterized by red, inflamed bumps -- your whey protein consumption might be playing a role. This is particularly likely if you did not experience papules prior to using whey protein supplements. First, see your dermatologist to rule out skin allergies and other issues.
Mechanism
Although the exact mechanism of acne is unknown, it is associated with the hormonal changes influenced by insulin-like growth factor 1, or IGF-1 for short. IGF-1 is a growth-promoting hormone with a similar structure to insulin. In adults, it plays an important role in anabolic processes, such as muscle growth. Although whey is a protein, it is a potent insulin and IGF-1 stimulator, primarily because mammalian milk is designed to promote growth.
Closer Look
IGF-1 levels appear to have a stronger effect on acne in women, while androgens -- male hormones -- play a greater role in male acne, according to a study published in the March 2005 issue of "Archives of Dermatology." The study examined 34 men and women with and without acne and found a strong correlation between IGF-1 and androgen levels, and the presence and severity of acne.
Diet and Acne
Avoiding high-glycemic foods -- such as white bread and potatoes -- which increase IGF-1 levels, may improve symptoms in acne patients, according to a study published in the July 2007 issue of the "American Journal of Clinical Nutrition." Researchers conducted a 12-week study to examine the effects of a low-glycemic diet on 43 male acne patients. Compared to the unrestricted group, the low-glycemic group experienced a reduction in acne and weight.
References
- MayoClinic.com: Whey Protein
- PubMed Health: Acne
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition: A Low-Glycemic-Load Diet Improves Symptoms in Acne Vulgaris Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial
- Nestle Nutrition Workshop Series: Evidence for Acne-Promoting Effects of Milk and Other Insulinotropic Dairy Products
- Archives of Dermatology: Correlation Between Serum Levels of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1, Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate, and Dihydrotestosterone and Acne Lesion Counts in Adult Women
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