Our eyes are one of the most sensitive parts of our bodies. And they're working all the time---moving, focusing and blinking. It's no wonder they can get sore and irritated. They can get strained from overwork, irritated by dust and dirt in the air, react to allergies and get infected. Your eyes also can get sore from overuse, such as staring at your computer for hours on end. Luckily, there are many different types of eye drops available to help relieve most of these conditions.
What to Look for
The simplest type of eye drops are the "artificial tears" type, which are targeted for people who have chronic dry eyes or for those with mild irritation or soreness. Some of the "artificial tears" drops contain minerals that lubricate the eyes and some are saline solutions that mix water and salt in a tear-like formula---the same type of drops used by people who wear contact lens. Because they don't contain any drugs, these drops are safe and can be used as often as needed.
Other drops are used to get rid of redness in the eyes. These drops contain a chemical that constricts the blood vessels in the eye, reducing the redness. If you use these drops too often or for too long, the chemicals can cause redness as well. Also, extended use can lead to allergic reactions to the chemicals for some people.
Eye drops that help relieve allergic symptoms should contain drugs such as antihistamines, anti-inflammatories or decongestants. These drugs help relieve the allergic reactions that cause watery eyes, swelling and irritation. The drugs in most of these types of drops are usually mild, so the drops can be used several times a day, but should not be used for more than a few days at a time. You should check the instructions for the brand you choose.
Common Pitfalls
Over-the-counter eye drops shouldn't be used if your eye is infected or injured. Signs of infection, which include what's known as "pinkeye," are itching, blurred vision, watery eyes or other discharge, pain or other discomfort, swelling of the eyelids or surrounding skin, or flaky skin on eyelids. If you think you have an infection or know your eye was injured, you should see a doctor rather than trying to treat yourself with drops.
To keep from infecting anyone else, you should throw away any drops you used before you knew you had an eye infection.
To protect your eyes from bacteria and other things that might cause infections, wash your hands before using drops and make sure that the eye dropper is kept clean. Also, be careful that the dropper doesn't touch your eyelid, lashes or the surface of the eye itself.
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