Choosing which method of contraception is right for you is a very difficult decision. Usually you will make a choice based on the possible medical risks and side effects of each method. Three of the most commonly used methods of birth control are oral contraceptives, IUDs and condoms, and each has advantages and disadvantages.
Oral Contraception
Oral contraception, also known as birth control pills, are a very popular method among women of childbearing age. They are easy to use and carry minimal side effects. However, there are certain medical risks associated with them. Women over the age of 35 and who smoke have an increased risk of blood clots, heart attack or stroke. Women with unexplained vaginal bleeding, certain cancers, liver disease or migraines are recommended to choose another method of birth control.
IUD
An IUD, or intra-uterine device, is a small T-shaped device that sits within the uterus and works by preventing implantation of a fertilized egg. IUDs are becoming more common in recent years, with two brands on the market as of 2009: Para-Gard is composed of copper, and Mirena is made of plastic which secretes a small amount of levorngestrel (progesterone). Both IUDs run the risk of expulsion, perforation or being embedded in the uterine wall, as well as severe infection. In women with Wilson's disease, a copper IUD may cause an adverse reaction.
Condoms
Condoms are easy to use, over-the-counter and inexpensive. There are no serious medical risks associated with condoms. In rare cases, a woman may have an allergic response to the latex or spermicide from condoms. If a woman experiences severe redness, burning or irritation, she should see her health care provider. Condoms may also break or leak, which could lead to pregnancy. All women who use this method of birth control should have access to Plan B contraception which, if taken within 72 hours of intercourse, should prevent pregnancy.
