A stroke is caused by a disruption of blood flow to the brain, which blocks oxygen supply and results in brain cell death. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), two types of strokes exist: ischemic stroke (caused by a blocked blood clot) and hemorrhagic stroke (caused by a blood vessel rupture). Time is an important factor in a stroke: the more time that passes between the onset of symptoms and treatment, the more brain damage is possible.
Numbness
One of the possible signs of a stroke is numbness, which can also manifest as weakness, tingling or paralysis. Some patients may have sensation changes when reacting to pain, pressure or temperature. The NIH notes that the numbness only occurs on one side of the body, such as the face, arm or leg. The Mayo Clinic recommends the following exercise: raise both arms; if one arm starts to fall, a stroke has occurred.
Headaches
While headaches can be a symptom of other diseases, a sudden severe or unusual headache is a possible sign of bleeding in the brain. The Mayo Clinic states that a stiff neck and facial pain can accompany the headache, as well as vomiting, loss of consciousness or eye pain. The NIH adds that the headaches continue when lying down and are severe enough to awake the patient.
Balance Problems
Balance can also be affected by a stroke, affecting the patient's ability to walk. The Mayo Clinic states that possible signs include stumbling, sudden dizziness and problems with coordination.
Vision Issues
Vision issues are another possible sign of a stroke. Examples include double vision, blurred vision and blackened vision, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Trouble Speaking
The last group of symptoms of an oncoming stroke is trouble speaking. The Mayo Clinic lists slurred speech and aphasia (trouble finding the right word) as possible signs.
