Lemon balm is also called "bee balm" because it was rubbed on bee hives to attract bees. The common name for bee balm is bergamot. Adding to the name confusion, two species of bee balm are known as "lemon mint." Lemon balm and bee balm are both members of the mint family and they both have culinary and medicinal uses, but they do not look alike.
Bee Balm Definition
Bee balm, also called bergamot or Oswego-tea, is native to North America, growing from Canada to Louisiana and Arizona. It belongs to the genus Monarda and the mint family Lamiaceae. From June through September bee balm bears beautiful flowers that are lavender, pink or white and that are highly attractive to bees, butterflies and hummingbirds. The plant is called bergamot because it has a smell that is similar to the bergamot orange, which is used in Earl Grey tea.
Bee Balm Uses
The Native American Indians used bee balm to relieve headaches and stomach aches, sore throats, colds and bronchial infections. The leaves and flowers can be infused in water and the tea used for aches and infections, but the plant can also be used externally as a poultice to help heal skin infections. The oil contains thymol, which is used as an antiseptic and disinfectant. Bee balm is described as tasting like a mix of spearmint and peppermint with a dash of oregano, making it an interesting addition to salads and pork recipes and as a substitute for mint in beverages.
Lemon Balm Definition
Lemon balm, also called bee balm, belongs to the genus Melissa and the same mint family as bee balm--Lamiaceae. It flowers from June through October but produces only small clusters of white or light yellow flowers. Lemon balm is native to Europe but is grown all over the world.
Lemon Balm Uses
Information provided by the University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC) states that lemon balm is considered to be a "calming herb" that helps reduce anxiety and promote sleep. It contains several substances that have different medicinal benefits. It produces oils that contain terpenes, which have a role in its relaxing effects. The plant contains tannins that have an antiviral effect and a substance called eugenol, which calms muscle spasms and kills bacteria. Lemon balm can be used to relieve gas, reduce fevers and, topically, to help heal herpes sores. Its lemon flavor is also used in drinks and as garnishes for salads or main dishes.
Considerations
Even though no side effects have been reported, it's important to remember that these herbs contain substances that could trigger unpleasant side effects. The UMMC information states that even though it has not been demonstrated in clinical studies, lemon balm may interfere with sedatives and thyroid medications, so be sure to consult your physician before using it.
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