Psychological depression is a mood disorder that affects both adolescents and adults; however, the causes and symptoms of depression are different in adolescents. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) states that common causes of depression are maturation and stress, the influence of sex hormones, conflicts with parents and disturbing events. While depression can occur in both boys and girls, the NIH adds that girls are more likely to have symptoms.
Common Signs
Some of the common psychological depression warning signs in adolescents are different from adult warning signs. Instead of sadness, irritability is the more predominant mood in adolescents with depression; they may become more prone to angry outbursts than before. While some depressed adults withdraw from everyone, adolescent withdrawal is more selective: patients may still be sociable, though markedly reduced from before. Patients may also complain about headaches and stomachache when there is no apparent cause. Another warning sign of psychological depression is an extreme sensitivity to criticism.
Behavioral Changes
Many noticeable behavioral changes can emerge as a result of adolescent depression, according to the NIH. Patients can start acting out, such as disobeying rules established by their parents, or participate in criminal behavior, like stealing. Appetite changes are also possible, with a correlating weight loss. Some patients may sleep excessively or appear to be sleepy throughout the day, though other patients may experience insomnia. Another noticeable warning sign for parents is a decline in school participation and/or performance.
Dangerous Warning Signs
Some of the warning signs of psychological depression in adolescents are dangerous and require immediate medical attention. The NIH notes that some patients use substances, like alcohol and drugs, to cope with their symptoms, which can escalate to abuse. Patients may have suicidal thoughts, plan or attempt suicide; if this should occur, parents should seek help from a mental health specialist as soon as possible.
