There is no cure for most forms of dementia, a decline in cognitive abilities that happens to many people of advanced age. However, studies have shown that diets rich in antioxidants, vitamins B, C and E, and omega oils are good for the heart. Since cardiovascular disorders and arteriosclerosis contribute to dementia, it can be said that a heart-healthy diet is a brain-healthy diet.
Heart-Healthy Diet
Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia, followed by vascular dementia and various mixed forms. Vascular dementia is commonly caused by blockage in the arteries. The following foods are known to lower bad cholesterol and help maintain healthy circulation: garlic, oatmeal, fatty fish such as salmon, and olive oil. Fresh fruits and vegetables are rich in antioxidants that fight the damage from free radicals, the organic molecules thought to be responsible for many diseases. Antioxidants help keep the heart and brain healthy.
Vitamins and Minerals
Vitamins A, C and E also fight the damaging effects of free radicals that are produced during the process of oxidation. Vitamin A is found in dark green and yellow vegetables and fruits such as broccoli, spinach, carrots and squash. Vitamin C is concentrated in citrus fruits such as oranges and lemons. Sprinkle wheat germ on salads or mix into cereal for a great source of vitamin E. It is known that diets deficient in vitamin B complex and zinc may contribute to Alzheimer's disease. Excellent sources for vitamin B include brewer's yeast, wheat germ, eggs and green leafy vegetables. Boost zinc intake with pumpkin seeds, seafood, milk and whole-grain products.
Water and Alcohol
Drinking large quantities of water (about 8 glasses a day) is known to keep the heart healthy. Individuals with dementia need special reminders and assistance to keep their water intake high. Drinking a moderate amount of red wine daily raises the levels of "good" cholesterol (HDL) and provides antioxidant protection. However, the key word is "moderate." Alcoholics are known to be deficient in vitamin B1 (thiamine), a vitamin frequently deficient in Alzheimer's patients.
Foods to Avoid
Foods high in "bad" cholesterol (LDL) build up plaque in arteries, reducing blood flow to the brain. Unfortunately, these include many tasty foods popular in American cuisine, such as steak, eggs, cheese and ice cream. These are packed with the saturated fats found in animal products and some other foods such as coconuts. Limit these foods, as well as those that are highly processed and fried.
Maintaining Nutritional Intake
During the early stages of dementia, the sufferer will need assistance to prepare nutritious meals. Using large-handled pots and pans, and cups with two handles, may make dining easier. Eventually, the sufferer is better off eating finger foods that are easy to grasp and soft enough to chew. Individuals who have difficulty swallowing liquids may benefit from having drinks thickened. A nutritionist or occupational therapist can determine the best food textures (such as chopped or blended) and liquid thickness. Tasty meals, relaxing music and a calm environment will help the person with dementia maintain the best possible nutritional status.
References
- "Still Giving Kisses: A Guide to Helping and Enjoying the Alzheimer's Victim you Love"; Barbara A. Smith; 2008
- "The Forgetting"; David Shenk; 2001
- "Prescription for Natural Cures"; James F. Balch, M.D.; 2004
